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450
OLD ENGLISH 450-1066
Transmission oral to memorize them used resources such as tropes, rhymes, repetitions etc. The church indoctrinated people through dramaturgy.Most Old English poets are anonymous, with only four known authors: Caedmon, Cynewulf, Bede and Alfred the Great. Much of Old English poetry consists of heroic epics, elegies, riddles and Christian poems. Caedmon is the oldest known English poet. Liiterary works: *The seafarer and The wanderer,
*The epic poem "Beowulf."
*Message -
1066
MIDDLE ENGLISH 1066-1500
The literary time period spans the Dark Ages the ,Crusades,Hundred Years War,and Black Death.Significant literature from this time included chivalric romances,allegorical poems religious plays,and more secular literature such as folk ballads.Literary works:Geoffrey Chaucer's The Canterbury Tales,The anonymous Sir Gawain,The Green Knight, and Thomas Malory's Morte d'Arthur.Two non-alliterative poems are part of the work of Geoffrey Chaucer.They are Troilo and Crésida-1385,The Knight's Tale-1382 -
1500
ENGLISH RENAISSANCE 1500-1660
Began with English humanists such as Sir Thomas More and Sr Thomas Wyatt.In addition, the English Literary Renaissance consists of four subsets: The Elizabethan, the Jacobean, and the Caroline Age.Literary works: 1513: Niccolò Machiavelli -The Prince
1516: Tomás more -The utopia
1543: "the revolutions of the celestial orbits" of Nicolaus Copernicus
1558: "the next king of England?" Of Queen Elizabeth
1603-1625: worth remembering were the famous William Shakespeare, John Donne, and Henry Vaughan -
PURITAN-1653-1660
Includes the literature produced during the time of Puritan leader Oliver Cromwell. This period produced the political writings of John Milton, Thomas Hobbes' political treatise Leviathan, and the prose of Andrew Marvell. Literary works: * 1653: Izaak Walton -The Compleat Angler. -
RESTORATION AGE-1660-1700
Is marked by the restoration of the monarchy and the triumph of reason and tolerance over religious and political passion. The Restoration produced an abundance of prose and poetry and the distinctive comedy of manners known as Restoration comedy.
Other major writers of the era include John Dryden, John Wilmot 2nd Earl of Rochester, and John Locke. Literary works: 1678: John Bunyan. The progress of the peregrin
1667: Thomas Sprat: History of the Royal Society of London. -
18TH CENTURY-1700-1798
Famous for his essayists and satirists and for the appearance of the novel and its precursors.The decades that ended in the eighteenth century and were inaugurated in the nineteenth opened the British Romantic period and the works of romantic poets.literary works: 1719: Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe, the first English novel
1726: Jonathan Swift-Gulliver's Travels.
1755: Samuel Johnson-Magisterial Dictionaries of the English
1790: Edmund Burke-Reflections on the Revolution in France -
ROMANTICISM 1798-1837
Romanticism was characterized by its emphasis on emotion and individualism, as well as the glorification of all the past and nature, preferring the medieval rather than the classical. It was an artistic, literary, musical and intellectual movement. Literary works:
1805: Walter Scott -The Lay of the Last Minstrel
1811: Jane Austen - her first work in print, Sense and Sensibility
1818: Mary Shelley -Frankenstein, or Modern Prometheus.
1837: Charles Dickens-Oliver Twist -
VICTORIAN 1837-1901
Literarily represent a change of style in a realistic sense.it is a period in which the novel appears in its maximum splendor, a group of eminent women novelists also flourishing in it.
Literary works:
1865: Lewis Carroll-The Adventures of Alice in Wonderland
1847: Charlotte Brontë-Jane Eyre
1859: William Wilkie Collins-The lady in white
1890: Oscar Wilde-The portrait of Dorian Gray
1894: Rudyard Kipling-The book of the jungle
1897: Bram Stoker-Dracula
1899: Joseph Conrad- The heart of darkness -
MODERN LITERATURE 1901-1940
It was a predominantly English genre of fiction writing, popular gained strength due to increasing industrialization and globalization. The new technology and the the two world wars. Modernist fiction spoke of the inner self and consciousness. Instead of progress, the modernist writer saw a decline of civilization.Literary works:
1902:The Tale of Peter Rabbit
1911:Rupert Brooke-Poems
1915: Virginia Woolf-The Voyage Out
1922: TS Eliot-The Waste Land
1939: Flann O'Brien-At Swim-Two-Birds -
POST MODERNISM 1940-2000
Three important variants within postmodernist literature: magical realism, the theater of the absurd and the literature of political protest, even though it is a discipline that is difficult to define, is at the same time a negation and an affirmation of the modernist paradigm.
Literary works: 1942: Enid Blyton-Five in Five on a Treasure Island
1950: CS Lewis- Narnia in The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe.
2000: The Amber Spyglass completes Philip Pullman's trilogy, His Dark Materials. -
CONTEMPORARY 2000 CURRENTLY
History remained the main concern of English literature.Although contemporary problems, such as global warming and international conflicts received attention,writers were even more willing to look back.On the other hand books are written about bullying, poverty and digitalization. Works:2001:Neil Gaiman-American Gods, 2003:Mark Haddon-The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time,2004 David Mitchell-Cloud Atlas,2009:Hilary Mantel-Wolf Hall
2012:Be/n Fountain, Billy Lynn’s Long Halftime Walk
