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Period: 1509 to 1547
King Henry VIII's reign
Henry VIII became king after the death of his brother -
1529
Rejection of Henry's Petition for a divorce
King Henry VIII wanted to devorce his wife Catherine of Aragon, after 18 years of marriage because she did not give him a son, he wanted an alliance with France and not the Habsburgs and finaly because he was in love with her lady in wating, Ann Boleyn. The king tried to divorce her but the Pope rejected his petition. -
1533
Act in restrain and appeal
It gives the King the power to pronounce divorce and to marry Ann Boleyn defying the Pope's authority -
1534
Act of Supremacy
By this Act of Supremacy, King Henry VIII become supreme head of the Church of England -
Period: 1536 to 1541
Dissolution of the monasteries
The dissolution of the monasteries takes place, with the Crown seizing their income and land. This move is met with rebellions, including the Pilgrimage of Grace in 1536-1537. -
Period: 1547 to 1553
Edward VI's reign
Edward VI became king after his father's death, he was 9 years old -
1549
Publication of the book of Common Prayer
The Book of Common Prayer is published, leading to the eradication of Roman Catholic practices and rebellions in Cornwall and Devon. -
Period: 1553 to 1558
Mary I's reign
After her brother's death at 15 years old. Mary, daughter of Catherine of Aragon and King Henry VIII became the first Queen of England, she will revert back to Catholicism in 18 months and gain the name of "Bloody Mary" because of the executions of Protestants -
Period: 1555 to 1558
Protestant confined to secrecy
The Protestant were confines to secresy as Queen Mary I burned et the stake all the protestant -
1557
Act of Supremacy
Queen Elizabeth I abolished the authority of the Pope,
restored, the authority of the Queen over the Church and became “Supreme Governor of the Church of England”. She restablished the First act of Supremacy -
1559
Act of uniformity
The queen ordered by this act the use of the Book of common Prayer in every parish and all the people who did not attend were fined -
Period: 1563 to 1571
The 39 articles of Faith
Doctrine introducing three important changes, a new ecclesiology, a new doctrine of salvation and a new definition of sacraments and of the mass -
1568
Mary of Scots flee Scotland
Mary Stuart, Queen of Scotland flee to England because of a civil war -
Period: 1568 to
Mary Stuart's emprisonment
She was retained captive during 19 years in England by Queen Elizabeth I, her cousin -
1569
The Nothern rebellion
an attempt to replace Elizabeth I with Mary, Queen of Scots, is crushed. -
1570
Excomunication of Queen Elizabeth I
Through a papal bull “Regnans in Excelsis”, Pope Pius V excommmunicated Queen Elizabeth calling her an heretic -
1571
Act of Treason
every person saying that Queen Elizabeth was not the true Queen of England and Wales was qualified as a traitor, it was treason to say so -
1581
Repression of Catholics,
This Act provided for the death penalty for any person converting, or already converted to Catholicism. The participation or celebration of Catholic Mass was now forbidden and Anglican services became compulsory -
The Babington plot
Catholics wanted Mary Stuart on the throne of England because she had successions right, Elizabeth did not have an heir, but their strategies were discovered by the Queen master spy which conduct to the execution of Mary of Scots -
Mary Stuart's execution
Mary of Scots was executed following the babington Plot, she was supposedly part of the Plot and was condemned to be executed in Fotheringham Castle. The day of her execution she was wearing a red dress, colour of the catholics Martyrs, and she prayed in Latin, opposed to the english parayers of the Protestants -
Defeat of the Great Armada
After the attemp of King Phillipe II of Spain, to invade England in order to fight Protestantism, Queen Elizabeth I defeated the Great Armada, the Spanish fleet, because of a new english fleet, a storm that destroyed part of the Spanish fleet and inciendary ships -
Period: to
James I's reign
James VI of Scotland , son of Mary Stuart ,becomes James I of England. He will expand the dept of England from 100 000 pounds to over 1Million, becaus of his extravagant lifestyle and his will to go to war against Spain during the crisis of the Elector Palatine, his daughter's husband -
The gunpowder plot
a Catholic conspiracy to blow up Parliament and kill James I, is foiled. It included gunpowder placed under the Parliament that should have been light up in order to blow up the Parliament with the king in it. -
Period: to
Charles I's reign
Charles I's, son of James I become king after his father's death. However he is amrried to a Spanish princess and favour the Arminians, a branch of protestantism that is close to catholicism which is a problem for the Parliament that see this as a risk of reverting back to catholicism. -
Period: to
The Personnal rule
After dissoluting many times the Parliament because of their revendications and opinions on the ways he govern the country, Charles decided to reign alone, raising money through diverse ways. -
Period: to
The Scottish rebellion
Charles I attempts to impose a new prayer book in Scotland, sparking riots and rebellion in 1637. -
The short and Long Parliament
The "Short Parliament" is dissolved after three weeks, and the Scots invade England. The "Long Parliament" is convened, and the Irish Rebellion breaks out. -
The grand remonstrance
After intense debates, Parliament passed a pivotal document highlighting Charles I's misdeeds and presenting revolutionary demands: the Commons' right to appoint ministers, parliamentary control over armies sent to Ireland, and authority to reform the Church. -
Period: to
British civil war
The Civil war oppposed the King and his suporters to the parliamentarians. It began with the king want to arrest five members of the parliaments, which pushed them to create a new model army. They defeated the royalists, ending the first civil war but because the parliamentarians did not pay them , they kidnapped the king that ultimately escaped.
Charles asked the hepl of the Scots, shocking his people, he was ready to hcange the religion in England if they helped him take back his throne. -
Charles I is behaded
Following the events of the civil war and his two defeats the king is put on trial and ultimately beheaded -
Period: to
The commonwealth
After its creations the Commonwealth, under the control of Parliament, faces royalist revolts in Ireland and Scotland and internal conflict. -
dissolution of the Parliament
Cromwell dissolves Parliament and establishes the Protectorate, a military dictatorship. -
Period: to
The Protectorate
Cromwell rules as Lord Protector, achieving military success but facing challenges from critics and conspiracies. -
Period: to
The restoration
Charles II returns from exile and is restored as king, marking the beginning of the Restoration. -
Period: to
James II's reign
After his brother's death James II became king of England even with the worry of the Parliamentarians because of his catholicism -
The glorious revolution
The Glorious Revolution takes place. Parliament invites William of Orange to invade England and seize the throne from James II, who flees to France. William and Mary become joint monarchs. -
Bill of right
The Bill of Rights is passed, limiting the monarch's powers and establishing a constitutional monarchy. -
Act of settlement
The Act of Settlement ensures a Protestant succession to the throne. -
Act of Union
The Act of Union unites England (and Wales) and Scotland, creating the United Kingdom of Great Britain.