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Period: 1453 to 1502
Ottoman tried to control Mediterranean (A.N.)
A two century war with Venice, Italy's most powerful commercial city states. Left Venice with reduced military power to pay tribute to the Ottomans. They were also powerful both economically and culturally trading partners that depended on one another. Wars erupted due to territory interference. -
1500
(E.A)Safavid Empire: Gender
Public life = male domain. This gender inequality can still be seen in the region today. -
1500
(E.A)Safavid Empire: Women in society
Women were active in selling inherited shares, because Islamic Law allowed women to own and inherit property unlike Europe at the time. -
1502
(E.A)Safavid Empire: Shah Ismail devoted Iran to Shi'ite Islam
Converting to Shi'ite Islam separated Iran from other Middle Eastern Countries, and this impact can be seen even today in Iran where 90-95% adhere to this branch of Islam. -
Period: 1502 to 1524
(E.A)Safavid Empire: Shah Ismail est. Safavid rule in Iran
The Safavid rule impacted the language and art of Iran, such as mosaics and tiles in vivid turquoise blue, and Persian poetry that can still be found in Iran + Middle East today. -
Period: 1502 to
(E.A)Safavid Empire: Agriculture
Majority of the Safavid subjects lived by subsistence farming and herding, leading to few technological advances. Relates to the few technological advances present in the region today. -
Period: 1502 to
(E.A)Safavid Empire: Poetry
Poetry and art developed more elegantly in Isfahan than in Istanbul. Explains the popularity of Persian poetry in the Middle East today. -
Aug 23, 1514
Battle of Chaldiran (A.N.)
Ottoman Empire defeated Safavid Empire, taking over East Anatolia and later their capital, Tabriz. It was a war over the Sunmi ottomans and the Shia Safavids. -
Period: 1516 to 1517
Selim I conquers Egypt and Syria (A.N.)
Selim I conquered the Red Sea southern frontiers. During his reign, he had expanded the empire by 70% and completely took over the Mamluk Empire. -
1517
End of Ryazan Principality
The last Grand Prince of the Ryazan Principality was captured and imprisoned in Moscow. This shows an end the aristocracy in Russia's politics -
1519
Prince of Ning rebellion
This was a rebellion that took place in China during the Ming dynasty. It was started by Zhu Chenhao, the Prince of Ning and a fifth-generation descendant of Zhu Quan, and was aimed at overthrowing the Zhengde Emperor. (Political) -
1520
Zhengde Emperor bans pig slaughtering
The Zhengde Emperor, Zhu Houzhao, forbid the slaughtering of pigs. The taboo on pig slaughtering shows Chinese relivation of new religous persectives and values for life that become a significant part of Chinese culture. -
Period: 1520 to 1566
Reign of Suleiman the Magnificent (A.N)
The son of Selim I, he significantly expanded the empire in 46 years. Under his rule and strong military, he dominated the Mediterranean, Red Sea, and Persian Gulf. He also accepted religious intolerance, making his empire grow even more. He was the longest reigning sultan with an empire made up of 15 to 20 million people, making it one of the largest empires in history. The empire itself controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa in 600 years. -
1521
Suleiman the Magnificent conquered Belgrade (A.N.)
Establishes a frontier for Eastern Europe. This shows his capability, taking Belgrade when he had only became sultan for one year. -
1522
Suleiman expelled the Knights of the Hospital of St. John (A.N)
from the islands of Rhodes. Knights of the Hospital was a religious military order that acquired Rhodes for a couple of centuries showing how no one was capable of taking it until Suleiman came to reign and got it during the second year, showing his military strength and success as a sultan. -
1523
Rise in the Creation of Landscape Art in Korea (F.C.)
Korean artists begin to produce landscapes with more distinctly Korean characteristics. This creates a more easily distinguishable Korean culture. -
1523
Ningbo Incident (F.C.)
A fight involving Japanese and Chinese representatives results in the Ningbo Incident, bringing a trade with China to halt. This is the beginning of Japan's further economic isolation. -
1526
(E.A)Mughal Empire: Founded by Babur
Babur defeated the last Muslim sultan of Delhi, and founded the Mughal Empire. An empire that was ruled by a Muslim minority. Over time, the Mughal Empire would shape the culture of the Indian subcontinent. -
1526
(E.A)Mughal Empire: Religious Intolerance
Since the Mughals were related to the Mongols they inherited some the idea of religious intolerance (Mostly under Akbar). Creating a diverse culture. -
1526
(E.A)Mughal Empire: Rajput
Rajputs: Hindu warriors during the Mughal Empire. The introduction of Rajputs has had a last affect in the Hindu-caste system today. -
1529
First Ottoman seige of Vienna (A.N)
Vienna was saved by the winter. Ottoman retreat. This ended up leading to a century long military tension in which led up to the second battle of Vienna. -
1543
Portuguese contact with Japan (F.C.)
Portuguese are the first Europeans to make contact with the Japanese islands, the event marks the start of the diffusion of Japanese culture to Europe and European culture to Japan as well. -
Jan 16, 1547
First Czar of Muscovy
An elaborate ceremony crowned Ivan the first Czar of Muscovy. Ivan would soon be the great person to establish and expand the soon to be Russian Emprire -
1549
St. Francis Xavier arrives in Japan (F.C.)
Xavier brings Christianity to Japan. leading to the development of the Jesuit Order. Xavier's work has profound and long-lasting religious and political effects on Japan. -
1550
(E.A)Mughal Empire: Language
The Persian language, and the diversity in the Mughal Empire led to and the creation of Urdu and Hindi. (Modern descendant of Persian) -
1553
First Book in Russia
First book printed in Russia, the Narrow-typed Gospel Book. This book demonstrated Russian capabilities in literature and gave it recognition in the European world. -
1555
Russia and England
Ivan IV signs a commercial treaty with England. This event demostrates the first and last time Russia and England will ever be seen making a deal that benefits both parties -
1556
(E.A)Mughal Empire: Grants
Grants were called mansabs and their holders mansabdars, the gov't kept careful track of these grants. -
Period: 1556 to
(E.A)Mughal Empire: Under Akbar
Under Akbar, the Mughal Empire was the most prosperous empire of the sixteenth century. Trading economy based on cotton cloth peaked British interests. -
Period: 1556 to
(E.A)Mughal Empire: Diversity
Akbar created a divine faith that included Muslims, Hindus, Sikh, and Christians. Explains the diversity of religions found in India today. -
Jun 1, 1560
Batle of Okehazama (F.C.)
The Battle of Okehazama was the first conflict in Japan that made its intentions to unite Japan under one central government. Oda Nobunaga was able to consolidate samurai of the opposing force. -
1565
Expedition against Malta in Western Mediterranean
This major expedition failed, it failed hard, really hard So hard people forgot the who invaded Malta and just remember someone did it, and fail horribly. -
1567
Overseas Trading
The ban on overseas trading in the Ming Dynasty was lifted. This brought for more economic fluidity in the world of trade and commerce. -
1571
Ottoman naval defeat at Lepanto (A.N)
An alliance formed with Christian forces helped gained victory at the Battle of Lepanto (Greece). A major turning point in naval history because the Battle of Lepanto was the last major engagement in the west to to be fought almost entirely between rowing vessels. It was also the largest naval warfare of its time with up to 400 warships. -
1573
(E.A)Safavid Empire: Hidden Imam
Hidden Imam: Last in a series of 12 descendants of Ali, is the basis of Shi'ite Islam. Which becomes the foundation for Ottoman rule and governance. -
1573
End of the Muromachi Period (F.C.)
The Muromachi Period, which had begun in 1333, ended in 1573. This was the period when the Ashikaga family was in power. Warlord Oda Nobunaga made an effort to unify Japan by seizing Kyoto, bringing an end to the Ashikaga shogunate. Bringing Japan closer to unification -
1576
China-American Trade
The China-American trade is established. The trade establish between the two nations makes an incredible accomplishment occur in both nations economicly and academicly. -
Period: 1578 to
Ottoman-Safavid War (A.N.)
The Ottoman Empire decided to declare war while the Safavid Empire was experiencing issues and rivalry. It was stale for a few years. Eventually the Ottomans won and was able to defeat the great Safavids because it was going through internal decay. -
1579
Azuchi religious debate (F.C.)
debate took place between monks of the sects of Japanese Buddhism, resulting in more enforced religious tolerance. -
1580
Korean production of Porcelain ware (F.C.)
Porcelain ware is created for the elite. Ceramic production in Korea halts in the 1590s due to Japanese invasions. This defines Korea products and exports that will be found all around the freaking world -
1581
Himeji Castle (F.C.)
Japan's most significant fortification, the Himeji Castle, is built. The castle embodies the significance of Japanese architecture of the feudal period. -
1581
Tenshō Iga War Ends (F.C.)
Oda Nobunaga wins the Tensho Iga War, getting closer to Japan's unification. -
1582
Honnō-ji Incident (F.C.)
Akechi Mitsuhide, one of Oda Nobunaga's generals, betrays Nobunaga and forces him to commit seppuku(honorable suicide). This is the end of the life Japan's most honorable and respected people, -
Neo-Confucian in Korea (F.C.)
The Neo-Confucian orientation of the early Choson court and bureaucracy has important repercussions for the dynasty’s relations with China. -
Invasion of Shikoku (F.C.)
Toyotomi Hideyoshi(Oda's successor) seized Shikoku, the smallest of Japan's four main islands. From this point forward Japan was could have been considered completely unified. -
Koreans develop Turtle Ship (F.C.)
Turtle Ship was a type of large Korean warship that was used by the Koreans during the Joseon dynasty. It was used to fight against invading Japanese naval ships. This was a symbol of Korean militaric capabilites and formitablity -
Siege of Odawara (F.C.)
Toyotomi Hideyoshi (Oda Nobunaga's successor) succeeds in his attack of the Hojo clan in the Siege of Odawara , completing the re-unification of Japan. -
Separation Edict and Population Census Edict (F.C.)
These policies freeze social mobility in Japan, by age, gender, and occupation. -
Ordos Campaign
The Ordos Campaign was a rebellion against the Ming dynasty by Liu Dongyang and Pubei, a Chahar Mongol who had previously submitted to the Ming, and its suppression. This is the begining of China's future governmental fragmentaions and disagrements. -
Period: to
Imjin War (F.C.)
Japan successfully invades Choson ruled Korea resulting in the Ming's depredations against Japan to remove Japan. -
(E.A)Safavid Empire: Isfahan
Isfahan = Not Cosmopolitan, unlike Istanbul. This trait can still be seen today: Istanbul, compared to Isfahan is more cosmopolitan. -
(E.A)Safavid Empire: Capital
Isfahan became the capital of Iran by decree of Shah Abbas I. It is still a major city in Iran today, with more than a quarter of international treaties involving Iran taking place in the city. -
(E.A)Safavid Empire: Religion
Both women and men practiced Islamic law, and covered their bodies from head to toe. Islam is still prevalent in Iran because of the Muslim empires that ruled over it. -
Three Years of Poverty in Russia
Three years of famine begin, due to lack of food and poor citizens. This agricultural disaster calls for Russian recontruction of the methods of which Russia will obtain its substinance. -
Tokugawa shogunate is founded (F.C.)
Tokugawa Ieyasu founds the Tokugawa shogunate, the military government that will rule Japan for two and a half centuries. -
Edo Period Starts (F.C.)
The Edo Period marks the period where Japan experienced economic growth, strict social order, isolationist foreign policies, stable population, and popular enjoyment of arts and culture -
(E.A)Mughal Empire: Trade
Europeans seen as ship masters, instead of enemies. Led to easy integration of Europeans into India. -
William Adams reaches Japan (F.C.)
William Adams becomes one of Japan's few contacts with the Western world. He rises to great prominence in Japan, befriending high officials he is the first European person to be given the title Samurai. -
End of Anatolian Revolts (A.N.)
Revolts occurred in Anatolia due to displaced cavalrymen. To pay janissaries, sultans reduced the number of landowning cavalrymen. Silver inflation from the New World caused them to go bankrupt of which they still had to oblige to the law of fixed taxes. As a result, their land is returned to the state. This caused rebellions from peasants. short-term soldiers, former cavalrymen etc. -
Period: to
The Transition from Ming to Qing China
The decisive Qing victory led to the collapse of the Ming Dynasty and Shun Dynasty with the emergence of the Qing Dynasty. (Political) -
Manchurian invasion of Korea (F.C.)
Manchuria invades Korea, and establishes the peninsula as a tributary state. Yet another invasion of Korea causes economic and political instabilty in the country that wouldn't be able to be ammended until the 20th century -
Sakoku Edict of 1635 (F.C.)
The Sakoku Edict of 1635 is enacted in Japan, keeping Japanese from leaving Japan and banning Europeans from entering. The law is accompanied by strict penalties for the practice of Catholicism and severe restrictions on foreign trade. -
Qing invasion of Korea (F.C.)
Qing China invades Korea through Manchuria, establishing a Chinese tributary system within the Choson government. Korea faces further devastation. -
Kan'ei Great Famine (F.C.)
Kan'ei Great Famine occurs due combination of government over-spending, disease, eruptions, and extreme weather. This causes Japan's further belief of the Buddha and other ideas that protect Japanese way of life. -
Qing Dynasty takes Jinzhou
Qing dynasty takes Jinzhou, which is a graphically strategical city that connects land transportation between North China and Northeast China. (Economical) -
Qing Capturings
Qing forces capture LuoyangYangzhou, Nanjing and the Hongguang Emperor, and Hangzhou. This expanded China's political influence around the Asian continent. (Political) -
Qing forces take down another Empire
The Longwu Emperor is killed by Qing forces, further expending the Qing empire and influence -
Qing Force Capturings
Qing forces capture Guangzhou and the Shaowu Emperor -
Qing on Guangzhou
Qing forces slaughter the population of Guangzhou. The massacre causes international uproar and calls for immidate interventions from the United States and other major powers of the world. -
Keian Uprising (F.C.)
An attempted coup attempted by several ronin mark the need for the incorporation of masterless samurai in society. -
Buddhism becomes prominent in Korea (F.C.)
Buddhism remains the chief religion among upper-class women and the common people, and continues to be an important cultural force in Korean society. -
Period: to
(E.A)Mughal Empire: After Akbar
Divide between Hindus and Muslims existed after Akbar, and promoted by Aurangzeb. This divide led to the division of Pakistan and India in 1947. -
Qing Army's First Loss
Qing forces launch an attack on Jinmen Island and Xiamen but fail, shows the Qing's invulnerablity and their further decay and soon to be downfall. -
Copper Riot
In the early morning, a group of Muscovites marched to Kolomenskoye and demanded punishment for the government ministers who had debased Muscovy's copper currency. On their arrival, they were countered by the military; a thousand were hanged or drowned. The rest were exiled. (Political) -
Battle of Vienna (A.N.)
The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Holy Roman Empire cooperated against the Ottomans because the imperial city of Kahlenberg Mountain had been besieged for two months. The Ottoman ended up losing the battle to the Holy Roman Empire and the Commonwealth combined forces. -
Period: to
The Russo-Turkish War of 1686-1700
Russian Tsar Peter the Great signed the Treaty of Karlowitz with the Ottoman Empire, promising no attacks on either end. (Political) -
(E.A)Safavid Empire: Collapse
Shah Abbas died in 1629, Inflation caused by cheap silver, and inability of later Shah's to pay for the army and bureaucracy, all led up to the ultimate collapse of the Safavid Empire. -
Forty-Seven Ronin (F.C.)
The event in Japan which marks Japanese transition from a military to a civil society. The Ronin were masterless samurai who avenge the death of their master, after his unfair sentence to death. -
Saint-Petersburg
The foundation of Saint-Petersburg, which would be Russia's the imperial capital for 2 centuries. Becoming major focal points of national unity and strength in all future wars. (Political) -
Transition of the Russian capital
The Russian capital was moved from Moscow to Saint Petersburg, Russia focuses its intrestests across the Seas and develops furthers maritime trading routes all over the world. As political stabilization occurs. (Political) -
Japanese adoption of formal currency (F.C.)
Before this point, Japan’s method of exchange was reliant on rice. During the administration at this time, Japanese currency went through a series of changes. The new coinage system of this time period was now gold. -
Removal of European Goods Ban in Japan (F.C.)
The ban of foreign books was lifted which allowed Dutch texts about science, geography and medicine to be translated and circulate to spread knowledge throughout Japan. -
The Great Northern War
The Treaty of Nystad ended the war and Sweden ceded Estonia, Livonia and Ingria to Russia, a state that is still in major contreveresy to this day.(Political) -
(E.A)Safavid Empire: Afghan invaders topple the last Safavid Shah
The Safavid Empire was so weak that an army of marauding Afghans were able to capture the capital of Isfahan and end Safavid Rule, but the art and religion during the time of the Empire greatly impacted Iran and its surrounding areas. (Today: People in Iran are predominantly Shia Muslim.) -
(E.A)Mughal Empire: Divide
After the fall of the central gov't, regional powers rose and prospered. Creating linguistic and religious diversity. Explains the 22 languages that are spoken in India today. -
(E.A)Mughal Empire: Nawabs
Some Nawabs were so influential that Hyderabad today is still known for its Nawabs and poetry. -
King Yeongjo is Made ruler of Korea (F.C.)
King Yeongjo is able to defend against the Manchurian invasions and leads Korea into an age of innovation, that makes lasting affect on Korean innovations. -
(E.A)Mughal Empire: Invasion
Afghan invasion led to the incorporation of Persian culture into India, which is somewhat reflected today. -
End of Tulip Period; Beginning of Ottoman Conservatism (A.N.)
The Patrona Halil rebellion abdicated Sultan Ahmed III and dictated government policies for several months due to new taxes. It confirmed the decay of the empire, showing internal fallouts. -
(E.A)Mughal Empire: Europe
Joseph Dupleix took control of English trading centers in India, although he was called home in 1754, his departure opened the way for British, who would later colonize India. -
Korean Persecution of Catholicism begins (F.C.)
Koreans begin banish European customs and ideas. The laws concerning Euoprean goods is similar to that of Japan and foreshadows Korean isolation. -
Period: to
The Russo-Turkish War of 1786-1792
The Ottoman Empire declared war on Russia and imprisoned her ambassador. (Political) -
Kansei Reforms (F.C.)
Kansei Edict, tighten the isolation of Japan through reactionary policy changes which were intended to cure a range of perceived problems at the time. -
Napolean Bonaparte's Fail
Napoleon Bonaparte led troops into Russia but was defeated. Demonstrates the might of Russia's military but mostly teach people that Russia is just too dang big.(Political) -
Period: to
Egyptian-Ottoman War (A.N.)
Muhammad Ali Pasha wants control of Syria-Palestine as a reward for aiding the Sultan during the Greek War. He planned to expand his territory into the Ottoman's Syrian provinces.
