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Nasīr al-Dīn al-Tūsī develops a theory of evolution with organisms gaining differences through adapting to their environments
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Swedish scientist, Carolus Linnaeus published Systema Naturae, which comprises the common modern naming system of binomial nomenclature.
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French scientist, Georges Cuvier is recognized as the father of Paleontology along as being well known for his rejection of any evolutionary theory from his study of the fossil record.
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Thomas Robert Malthus published "An Essay on the Principle of Population."
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Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, printed his theory of evolution, which was that evolution happened through the inheritance of acquired features.
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Charles Lyell publishes "Principles of Geology." This made a new view of geology
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Charles Darwin writes an essay about the theory of evolution that was never published.
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Alfred Russel Wallace publishes a paper which have the same idea as Darwin, along with the natural selection. Darwin's friends show Wallace's and Darwin's theories at the Linnean Society.
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Darwin becomes ill, his book "The Origin of Species" is published and became popular.
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Mendel's pea plants theory printed, making the background for the basis of natural selection.
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August Weismann writes how significant DNA is to heredity, alongside with germ cell theory.
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Walter Sutton suggested that chromosomes basis for Mendelian inheritance of characteristics.
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DNA is confirmed to be genetic material which is that inheritance passes from one generation to the next.
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Francis Crick , James Watson and Rosalind Franklin discover the chemical structure of DNA and show that it meets the unique requirements for a substance that encodes genetic information.
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Sydney Brenner, Francis Crick, Francois Jacob, and Jacques Monod discover mRNA.