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2nd Great Awakening
Stressed a personal, more emotional approach to traditional religion. Led to many of the reform movements of the era. Caused the US to become more religious and reformist. -
Market Revolution
A series of innovations in transportation and communication from the era including: new roads and steamboats, the Erie Canal,railroads and the telegraph, and finally, the Cotton Kingdom. The US became a more capitalist and technologically advanced society. -
Antebellum Period
Also known as the plantation period.Economic growth of South due to slavery and political influence in US federal govt. Began the polarization/sectionalization of America over slavery. -
Lewis and Clark Expedition
One of the most famous expeditions in History and the first to cross the Western Portion of the US.The two soldiers were guided by 15 yr old Native American Sacagewea. -
Louisiana Purchase
US obtained the entire Louisiana territory from France.France's failure to put down a revolt in Saint-Domingue, coupled with the prospect of renewed warfare with the United Kingdom, prompted Napoleon to consider selling Louisiana to the United States. Jefferson and Secretary of State James Madison convinced Congress to ratify and fund the Louisiana Purchase. -
War of 1812
A war between Brittish and American forces. Main causes were: Britain blocked US trading with France, impressed US soldiers and turned them over to the royal Navy, and gave arms to Native Americans, which halted Westward Expansion.Ended with the Peace Treaty of Ghent in 1815. -
Battle of NOLA/Treaty of Ghent
The Treaty of Ghent was signed in 1814, effectively ending the war of 1812;however, news of the treaty didn't reach until February 1815. In January 1815, the US won the battle of New Orleans under Andrew Jackson.Defeated the British despite them having a large advantage in training, experience, and fielded troops. -
Era of Good Feelings
A period that closely followed Monroe's presidency. Marked by a spirit of nationalism,optimism, and good will.Partisan issues were limited. -
The American System
An financial system suggested by Henry Clay and the Whigs to promote the economy.Emphasized protective tariffs to raise revenue and promote manufacturing, a national bank so there would be a national currency, and internal improvements that would promote growth in the South and West. -
Adams -Onis Treaty
Spain ceded Florida to US while US defined a border between US and New Spain.Brokered by SOS JQ Adams and Spanish diplomat Luis de Onis. -
Missouri Compromise
Speaker of the House Henry Clay suggested that Missouri be admitted to the Union and that Maine be a free state. All states south of Louisiana territory were slave states and all those North were free. Temporarily resolved the growing issue on slavery expansion and made the US more united. -
Monroe Doctrine
A doctrine by Pres. Monroe that asserted a sphere of influence over Western Hemisphere. Promised non-involvement in European wars, closing of Western Hemisphere to colonization, and defense against any perceived European invasion. -
Public School Movement
In the 1830s, Whigs argued for more govt. intervention in the schooling of children.Led by reformer Horace Mann. This caused the US to become more reformist. -
Indian Removal Act of 1830
Congressional Act that authorized removal of all Indian tribes east of the Mississippi river to the west.Trail of tears and other forced migrations caused deaths of thousands. US remained a racist,oppressive country. -
The Liberator
Abolitionist newspaper created by William Lloyd Garrison.Also, supported Women's Rights. Influenced other prominent abolitionists like Fredrick Douglas. -
Tariff of 1828/Nullification Crisis
It was designed by Jackson to protect Northern industry,it set a 38% tax on some imported goods and a 45% tax on certain imported raw materials. Some in the South, particularly those from South Carolina, felt they were harmed directly by having to pay higher for goods imported from Europe. This led to the Nullification Crisis, where SC voided the tariffs bc they were "Unconstitutional".Jackson passed the Force bill authorizing military action and Compromise Tariff of 1833 which pleased SC. -
Panic of 1837
Speculative lending practices in western states, a sharp decline in cotton prices, a collapsing land bubble, and restrictive lending policies in Great Britain led to one of many financial crises in the US.Profits, prices, and wages went down while unemployment went up.Kept America financially unstable. -
Seneca Falls Convention
Famous women's rights convention. Organized by suffragists Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucrietta Mott; known for the Declaration of Rights and Sentiments, a set of grievances on the infringing of women's rights by the govt. Pivotal event in the Women's Rights mvt.
