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timeline
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noble order of the knights of labored formed
Many early efforts to organize workers in the United States saw their inception in Pennsylvania. As early as the 1790s, shoemakers in Philadelphia joined to maintain a price structure and resist cheaper competition. In the 1820s, a Mechanics Union was formed that attempted to unite the efforts of more than a single craft. -
the pullman strike
The Pullman Strike was a disturbing event in Illinois history. It occurred because of the way George Mortimer Pullman, founder and president of the Pullman Palace Car Company, treated his workers. Organized in 1867, the company manufactured sleeping cars and operated them under contract to the railroads. -
haymarket square riot
The growth of American industrial might in the 1870s and 1880s was paralleled by the emergence of unions representing the workers. Foremost among the early labor organizations was the Knights of Labor, which listed more than 700,000 members by the mid-1880s. Working conditions at the time were abysmal—little concern for safety existed in most factories, pay was low, benefits were nonexistent and the work day was often 10 to 12 hours, six days a week. The immediate focus of the K.O.L. and other u -
American Federation of Labor (AFL)
In the aftermath of the Haymarket strike and ensuing legal repression, differences between the Knights of Labor and craft unions intensified. In December 1886, after the Knights of Labor refused to accept craft union jurisdiction over Knights' organizing activities, craft unionists organized a loose national alliance, the American Federation of Labor (AFL). -
congress of industrial organizaton formed
American federation of autonomous labour unions formed in 1955 by the merger of the AFL (founded 1886), which originally organized workers in craft unions, and the CIO (founded 1935), which organized workers by industries. -
how the other half lives
Published in 1890, Jacob Riis's remarkable study of the horrendous living conditions of the poor in New York City had an immediate and extraordinary impact on society, inspiring reforms that affected the lives of millions of people. Riis's reliance on specific, hard facts as weapons of social criticism pioneered the style of crusading journalism that continues today. Photos throughout. 224 pp. -
the homestead strike
The Robber Baron Andrew Carnegie precipitated the Homestead Strike of 1892 with his attack against the standard of living of the workers and his bid to break the union representing the highest skilled workers. Carnegie announced his intention to impose an 18 percent pay cut and issued a statement saying that the real issue was whether the Homestead steel workers would be union or non-union. -
The jungle
The Jungle is a novel by socialist journalist Upton Sinclair, first published in 1905. It was the result of his muckraking journalism on the horrifying treatment of poor, immigrant workers in the United States, however it is best remembered today for being the catalyst of today's food standards. -
the bitter cry of children
or early twentieth-century Progressive reformers committed to social justice, widespread child labor—especially in coal mines, textile mills, and department stores—was particularly disturbing. And as with other Progressive crusades, the exposé was a favorite tool. Probably the most influential and certainly the most widely read of the Progressive-era exposés of child labor was John Spargo’s The Bitter Cry of the Children (1906). -
pure food and drug act passed
For preventing the manufacture, sale, or transportation of adulterated or misbranded or poisonous or deleterious foods, drugs, medicines, and liquors, and for regulating traffic therein, and for other purposes. -
triangle shirt factory fire
275 girls started to collect their belongings as they were leaving work at 4:45 PM on Saturday. Within twenty minutes some of girls' charred bodies were lined up along the East Side of Greene Street. Those girls who flung themselves from the ninth floor were merely covered with tarpaulins where they hit the concrete. The Bellevue morgue was overrun with bodies and a makeshift morgue was set up on the adjoining pier on the East River. Hundred's of parents and family members came to identify their -
the coal strike
The history of U.S. coal miners has received limited attention from scholars. Most of the published scholarship has focused on the national scene to the neglect of district and local level developments. In dealing with the period immediately following World War I most authors emphasize the coal strikes of 1919 and 1922, the rise and consolidation of John L. Lewis as president of the United Mine Workers and the battles for union power between Lewis and his chief rivals. In a few cases historians -
congres of industrial organization
it broke away because it advocted organization along industrial lines rather then craft lines. -
the national labor relations act passed
Also known as the Wagner Act, this bill was signed into law by President Franklin Roosevelt on July 5, 1935. It established the National Labor Relations Board and addressed relations between unions and employers in the private sector. -
GM sit-down strike
On December 30, 1936, General Motors (GM) workers in Flint, Michigan, sat down at their jobs. They stayed in the plants until a settlement was reached on February 11, 1937. The forty-four day strike was a victory for the United Auto Workers (UAW), a new industrial union that won the right to organize and represent employees of the largest auto company and one of the largest private employers in the United States. The GM sit-down strike had enormous significance for the history of labor, business -
fair labor standered act passed
n Saturday, June 25, 1938, to avoid pocket vetoes 9 days after Congress had adjourned, President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed 121 bills. Among these bills was a landmark law in the Nation's social and economic development -- Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 (FLSA). Against a history of judicial opposition, the depression-born FLSA had survived, not unscathed, more than a year of Congressional altercation. -
major league baseball strike
the 1972s baseball strike was the first ever baseball strike. it occured april 1st to april 13. -
new york city transsit strike
the 2005 new york city transit strike was a strike in new york city called by the transport workers union local 100(TWU).
