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Apr 13, 1578
Philip III
Philip III, also known as Philip the Pious, was king of Spain from 1598 until his death in 1621. In addition to his reign in Spain, he was also king of Portugal, Naples, Sicily and Sardinia, as well as duke of Milan. He was born in Madrid in 1578, son of King Philip II and his fourth wife, Anne of Austria. -
Philip IV
Philip IV of Spain, also known as "the Great" or "the Planet King", was born on April 8, 1605 in Valladolid and died on September 17, 1665 in Madrid. He was king of Spain from March 31, 1621 until his death and also ruled Portugal as Philip III from the same date until December 1640. His reign lasted 44 years and 170 days, making it the longest of the house of Austria and the third longest in Spanish history. -
30 years War
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Galileo proves the Earth orbits around the Sun
Galileo Galilei was an Italian mathematician, physicist, philosopher and astronomer. -
Peace of westphalia
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Charles II
Charles II of Spain, known as "the Bewitched," was king of Spain from 1665 to 1700. Despite his nickname, which was due to his health problems attributed to diabolical influences, it is believed that his serious physical conditions were the result of consanguineous marriages within the royal family. His reign was marked by succession conflicts due to his inability to have offspring, which ultimately led to the extinction of the Spanish branch of the Habsburgs.