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3000 BCE
Early Egyptian Hieroglyphs
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Period: 3000 BCE to 1150
Ancient Era to Early Middle Ages
First global links are established in Asia and then spread to other continents. -
600
Book printing invented in China.
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618
Ti Pao
China's T'ang Dynasty - the ti pao or 'official newspaper' to disseminate information to the elite. -
868
Translation of the Diamond Sutra
868AD - Chinese translation of the Sanskrit text Diamond Sutra, the world's earliest dated book printed on paper in China. -
1150
Paper arrives in Europe
1150AD - Arabs bring paper from China to Europe. -
1453
Gutenberg Bible
1453 - Gutenberg Bible printed -
Period: 1453 to
Late Middle Ages to the 19th Century
Appearance of printing, newspapers, telegraph and freedom of the press. -
Freedom of Press
1791 - First Amendment of the US Constitution provides model for freedom of press. The Observer, Britain’s oldest surviving Sunday newspaper, established. -
The Telegraph in The Civil War
1860 - Telegraph is widely used to distribute news accounts of US Civil War. England and India linked by Telegraph. -
Technological improvement
1866 - First transatlantic cable becomes operational. Typewriter invented. -
News Cartels
1870 - News agency cartel (Havas/Reuters/Wolff) divides up world market -
Radio
1917 - Radio used to announce victory of communist revolution -
Period: to
20th Century - First Half
Mass propaganda -
Comrades and CEOs around the world
1919 - Soviet Russia begins international broadcasting. First transnational US communications conglomerate. -
BBC goes live
1927 - BBC founded. -
Propaganda goes viral
1933 - Ministry of Propaganda and Enlightenment of the People under Goebells. First ‘Fireside Chats’. Radio Luxembourg, Europe’s first major commercial broadcaster. -
Paperbacks start rolling
1939 - Paperback books start publishing revolution. -
Candidates on the telly
Nixon-Kennedy debates televised. NASA launches ECHO-I, first telecommunications satellite. In-flight movies introduced on airlines. -
Period: to
20th Century - Second Half
Two World Orders, Two Opposing Ideologies, TV and Satellite -
NWICO
1973 - First steps towards New World Information and Communication Order (NWICO) debate. -
TV killed...
1974 - Opinion polls show that TV overtakes newspapers as prime source of news for most Americans. -
We're Live with CNN
1980 - CNN, world’s first all-news network. -
The Time's yours, CNN
1996 - CNN becomes part of Time Warner, making it the world’s biggest media corporation. -
World Wide War
1999- World Wide Web used for propaganda during NATO’s war in Kosovo. -
9/11
Terrorist attacks in New York and Washington media spectacle. Intelsat privatized. AI-Jazeera becomes internationally known for its coverage from Afghanistan. Videophones used. Shanghai Media Group, China's first media conglomerate, formed. Wikipedia launched -
Fox News at the Top
2002 - Fox News redefines broadcast journalism. MySpace launched. Fahrenheit 9/11 becomes most successful documentary film. -
Period: to
21st Century
Too Global?
Two personal additions - 2016 and 2019. -
Rise of Social Media
2005 - Mobile phones exceed fixed lines. Podcasting, YouTube, News Corporation acquires MySpace. -
Globalism intensifies
AI-Jazeera starts international service in English. Inmarsat launches Broadband Global Area Network. Google buys YouTube -
FAKE NEWS!
2016 - Fake news dominate media landscape through social media. -
Who makes the News?
2019 - Conservative Party changes Twitter handle to fact-checking account during live TV debate, creates Lo-Fi YouTube mix, uses Comic Sans and ‘Tory Power Poses’. Labour Party implements videos pointing towards Prime Minister’s inaccuracies, memes, 60 second manifesto explanations and uncover document concerning Conservative manifesto.
