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The Spanish Civil War
It was a social, politic and armed conflict which happened after the failed coup of 17 and 18 July 1936. Most of the army and Civil Guard joined the coup, however, some people stayed loyal to the government. It tried to negotiate with the leaders of the coup, but they refused, so this made the civil war inevitable. -
Rome-Berlin axis
Alliance between Germany and Italy before the WWII. -
Antikomintern Pact between Germany and Japan
These two nations committed to protect people against the Communist International, led by the Soviet Union. -
Munich Agreement (appeasement)
Conference organized by the British Prime Minister, Neville Chamberlain, to stop German aspirations. In this conference, Britain, France and Italy agreed that Germany could take over the Sudetenland in Czechoslovakia. In return, Hitler had to sign a piece of paper stating that he wouldn't start a war. However, this agreement didn't work and Hitler invaded the rest of Czechoslovakia. -
Pact of Steel
Officially known as the Pact of Friendship and Alliance between Germany and Italy. It was a political and military agreement signed in Berlin. This pact was the renewal of the Rome-Berlin axis. -
The Nazi-Soviet Pact
This pact, signed by Hitler and Stalin, allowed Germany attacked Poland without the intervention of Russia which triggered the beginning of the World War Two. -
Invasion of Poland: beginning of the war
When Britain and France realised that appeasement woudnd't work, they declared war on Germany. These events were the start of WWII. For several months, nothing really happened, but then, Germany, using tactics called Blitzkrieg, invaded a huge number of countries. -
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The World War Two
It was a global military conflict which confronted the Axis Powers and the Allies of WWII (countries which put up against the Axis Powers). This war caused hundred million mobilized soldiers and a state of total war. It was the worst conflict in the history with a final result of 50 to 70 million victims. -
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The Axis Victories
Hitler started the lightning war (blitzkrieg). In several years the Axis Powers (Germany, Italy and Japan) invaded Denmark, Norway, France, Belgium, Luxemburg, Greece, Yugoslavia, Egypt and the Netherlands. They carried out the Battle of Britain, the Operation Barbarossa, the Atlantic Battle and they destroyed the American fleet in Pearl Harbour. -
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Allied Victory
After the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbour, the United States and the Soviet Union joined the war and they helped the Allies. From 1942, they won a lot of important victories:
The Battle of Midway, the Battle of El Alamein, the Battle of Stalingrad, the D-day... -
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Battle of Stalingrad
With about two million deaths of soldiers on both sides and soviet civilians, the Battle of Stalingrad is considered the bloodiest in history. The defeat of the Germans in this city represented a key point in the final outcome of the war. -
The Normanidy landing
This battle was commonly known as D-Day or Neptune Operation. The Allies landed lots of troops on beaches in Normandy and started to liberate France. They drove them back in Western Europe and advanced towards Germany -
San Francisco Conference: Creation of the UN
Organization founded to replace the League of Nations. It had fourty-six States and its aim was to keep peace and international security, as well as, to encourage the cooperation between nations. This organization rejected the violence and defended the right of nations to dispose of themselves. -
German surrender
In the final hours of the battle of Berlin, on the evening of 30th April 1945, the german Chancellor Adolf Hitler committed suicide in his bunker with his wife, Eva Braun, understanding that the war was already lost for the Third Reich. One week later, Germany surrenders. -
Potsdam Conference
This Conference took place in the Cecilienhof Palace. The participants were the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom and the United States, the most powerful of the allies that defeated the Axis Powers. Stalin, Churchill and Truman had agreed to decide how to manage Germany. The aims of this conference were to establish a postwar order. -
Atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki
These attacks were part of the end of World War II. The bombs, developed by the United States, killed 166,000 people in Hiroshima and 80,000 in Nagasaki, adding up about 246,000 deaths. Thousands more died later of radiation poisoning.
