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The British Emprie = Colonial Empire.
The British Empire.
The Empire was the biggst Colonial Empire in history.
The Empire was a result of the Age of Discovery. -
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The British Empire.
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The Industrial Revolution.
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The industrial Revilution.
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Poor law reform
The problem of poverty caused growing public concern during the early 19th century.
'poor rate' or local tax paid by parish householders was used to help the poor in two main ways. In the 18th century those who were too ill, old, destitute, or who were orphaned children were put into a local 'workhouse' or 'poorhouse'. Those able to work, but whose wages were too low to support their families, received 'relief in aid of wages' in the form of money, food and clothes. -
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Charles Dickens.
Charles Dickens full name is Charles John Huffam Dickens. English writer and social critic - regraded as the greatest novelist of the Victorian period. -
Victoria was born at Kensington Palace in London.
Victoria was daughter of Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn and raised by her German-born mother Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld. -
Industrial capitalism
English capitalism had entered a new stage of development. England had become a classical capitalist country, a country of industrial capitalism -
Victoria became Queen of Great Britian and Ireland.
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The Victorian Era.
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Oliver Twist was publiced.
Oliver Twist is a roman by Charles Dickens and publiced by Richard Bentley. -
Free trade
After 1840 Britain abandoned mercantilism and committed its economy to free trade.. After ending the Corn Laws, which were agricultural on domestic grain. The British market opened to unfettered competition, grain prices fell, and food became more plentiful.
From 1815 to 1870 Britain reaped the benefits of being the world's first modern, industrialised nation. -
Victoria was married with Prince Albert.
Victoria married her frist cousin, Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, in 1840. They got nine children. -
Railways in Britain
The first passenger railway opened in 1825 between Stockton and Darlington. By 1848 there were 5000 miles of railways in Britain. Railways provided a great boost to other industries ad iron. They also revolutionized transport. -
The Decline of Britain
In the middle of the 19th century Britain was the richest and most powerful nation in the world. However in the late 19th century Britain's power declined. Britain was the first country to industrialize. However the other countries began to catch up. France, Germany and the USA industrialized. By the end of the 19th century Russia, Sweden, (North) Italy and Japan were also industrializing. As a result Britain became relatively less important. -
The Critical Realism
The Chartists (fighters of the workers rights) introduced their own literature, which was the first attempt to make a literature of the working class. The Chartist writers tried their hand at different genres. They wrote articles, short stories, songs, epigrams, poems. Their leading genre was poetry.
The ideas of the Chartism attracted the attention of many people. A lot of writers became aware of the social injustices around them and tried to depict them in their works. -
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The Great Exhibition
The Great Exhibition was an international exhibition that took place in Hyde Park, London.
Also known as The Crystal Palace Exhibiton, it was the first in a series of world exhibitions that were popular up through 19 century. The Great Exhibition was organized by, among others, Henry Cole and Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. -
More men were given the vote!
In 1872 more men were given the vote. However not all men in Britain Could vote until 1918. -
Empress of India.
Victoria took the title Empress of India. -
Victoria declared as Empress of India.
Her new title was proclaimed as the Delhi Durbar. -
The british Empire was the strongest world power.
In the 19th century was the British Empire the strongest world power and when the British Empire was so vast in area and scattered across the ground, it was said that "the sun never set on the British Empire". -
More than 25 % of the population wasv living at or below subsistence level.
15% and 20% have just enough money to live - provided they did not lose their job or have to tak time off work trough illness. -
Serialisation
The victorian age also abounded in journals, periodicals and pamphelts.
- early Victorian novels first appeared in serialised from in periodicals.
- writers had to keep the readers interest high in order to encourage them to continue bying their work. -
A liberal govenment was elected.
They made som reforms. 1. From that year poor children were given free school meals.
In January 1909 the first old age pensions were paid. -
Famous novalists
The greatest novelists of the age are Charles Dickens, William Makepeace Thackeray, Charlotte Bronte, Elizabeth Gaskell.
These writers used the novel as a means to protest against the evils in contemporary social and economic life and to picture the world in a realistic way. Their greatness also lies in their profound humanism. Their sympathy lies with the ordinary people. They believed in the good qualities of the human heart.
