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She was succeeded by her cousin King James VI of Scotland. -
He united the crowns of Scotland and England.
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It was a failed assassination attempt against King James VI by a group of provincial English Catholics led by Robert Catesby. -
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This Parliament's complained against the King's non-parliamentary taxation and imprisonments without trial, plus the unlawfulness of martial law and forced billets. So the petition of rights is about :
-no taxes without parliament autorisation
-no English subject imprisoned without cause
-no quartering of soldiers in citizens homes
-no martial law may be used in peacetime -
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Ship money was a non parliamentary tax of medieval origin. It required those being taxed to furnish a certain number of warships or to pay the ships' equivalent in money. -
They were civil wars throughout Scotland, Ireland, and England.
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The ‘Short Parliament’ was dissolved by Charles I in 1625. However the Long Parliament was worried about the King’s finances and expenses. It is called the Long Parliament because it lasted for twenty years. -
The act required that Parliament meet for at least a fifty-day session once every three years. It was intended to prevent kings from ruling without Parliament, as Charles had done between 1629 and 1640. -
A document listed by the parliament’s grievences with Charles’s rule, challenged the arbitrary power of the king, and asserted the authority of parliament.
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The Parliamentarian New Model Army, commanded by Sir Thomas Fairfax and Oliver Cromwell, destroyed the main Royalist army under Charles I and Prince Rupert.
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Charles travelled north and surrendeed to the Scottish army. From there, the Scots moved with Charles to Newcastle and eventually sold him to the English Parliamentarian army in January 1647. -
In November 1647 Charles escaped his captors, fleeing to the royalist forces on the Isle of Wight. Here he renewed secret negotiations with parliament and the Scots.
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The Presbyterian majority in Parliament failed to dissolve the New Model Army in late 1647.
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The monarchy is brought back during the English Restoration.
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From being an army officer in the Civil Wars and defender of the execution of Charles I, Cromwell had, in 1653, become Lord Protector.
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The Great Fire of London was a major conflagration that swept through central London.
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