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Francis Bacon
Francis Bacon, an English philosopher and scientist, believed that theories could only be developed through observation only; no assumptions whatsoever. This ideology was written down in a book named Novum Organum. -
Rene Descartes
Rene Descartes was a French philosopher and mathematician who is known as one of the leaders of the Scientific Revolution. He believed that assumptions should be questioned before they are accepted. He's also responsible for the line "I think, therefore I am."