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Jan 1, 1439
Invention of the printing press
Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press, a machine by which text and images are transferred from movable type to paper or other media by means of ink. The exact date of the printing press' invention is not known, but it is clear that it was invented at some point around 1439. -
Period: Apr 15, 1452 to May 2, 1519
Leonardo Da Vinci
Leonardo da Vinci was an Italian Renaissance artist, architect, engineer and scientist. He is famous for his ability to capture nature, scientific phenomena and human emotions in any material. Leonardo conceived ideas vastly ahead of his own time, conceptually inventing the parachute, the helicopter, an armored fighting vehicle, the use of concentrated solar power, the car and a gun, a rudimentary theory of plate tectonics and the double hull. -
May 29, 1453
Fall of Constantinople
conquest of Constantinople by Sultan Mehmed II of the Ottoman Empire. The dwindling Byzantine Empire came to an end when the Ottomans breached Constantinople's ancient land wall after besieging the city for 55 days. -
Period: Jun 28, 1491 to Jan 28, 1547
Henry VIII of England
He established the Church of England and the Royal Navy. Henry VIII came to the throne when his father Henry VII died on 21 April 1509. He was excommunicated by Pope Paul III over his divorce from Catherine of Aragon. -
Period: 1508 to 1512
The Sistine Chapel ceiling
The Sistine Chapel ceiling, a series of frescoes painted by Italian Renaissance artist Michelangelo, stands as one of the greatest works of art in world history. Painted between 1508 and 1512 in a papal chapel of the Vatican Palace in Rome, the frescoes depict scenes drawn from the Bible's Old Testament. -
Oct 31, 1517
Martin Luther 95 Theses
the 95 Theses detailed Luther's opinions about the teachings of the Christian Scripture, also known as the Bible, and practices of the Roman Catholic Church. Luther particularly disagreed with the Church's custom of selling indulgences to pay for sins. -
Period: 1544 to
Catholic Reformation
Counter-Reformation, or Catholic Reformation, In Roman Catholicism, efforts in the 16th and early 17th centuries to oppose the Protestant Reformation and reform the Catholic church. Early efforts grew out of criticism of the worldliness and corruption of the papacy and clergy during the Renaissance. -
Sep 25, 1555
Peace of Augsburg
The Peace of Augsburg was the religious resolution to a conflict started in 1517 by Martin Luther's 95 Theses. Though it didn't allow for full religious tolerance within the Holy Roman Empire, it did give the Lutherans equal rights with Catholics. It did have some flaws, though.