The Ozone Layer History By Chris Thompson

By Cthompson115

  • Water Gas

    In the year of 1928, “Wonder gas” CFCs were invented in 1928
    for commercial applications.

  • The UNEP

    In the year of 1977, The United Nations Environment Programme also is known as (UNEP) sets up a coordinating committee.

  • CFCs

    In the year of 1978, The United States of America, Canada, Sweden and Norway ban the use of CFCs in aerosols.

  • Goverments

    In the year of 1981, UNEP starts intergovernmental negotiations to protect the ozone layer.

  • CFC filled spray cans

    After the year of 1982, in the absence of other moves,
    the consumption of CFCs increases again. Industry demands proof of ozone depletion due to CFCs.

  • Vienna

    The governments decided to study and then exchange the information and protect the ozone layer - through the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer (1985). Scientists continue to find proof of ozone depletion.

  • The Ozone Hole

    In the year of 1985, The British Antarctic Team discovers severe thinning in the ozone layer over Antarctica.

  • The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the ozone Layer

    In the year of 1987, 46 governments agree to a fifty per cent cut in the production and consumption of CFCs by the year 2000; a freeze
    in production and consumption of halons by 1992; further controls linked to assessments by experts.

  • UNEP-WMO TRIBUNAL

    In the year of 1988, the UNEP - WMO report on ozone
    trends links CFCs to ozone depletion.

  • Panel of Experts

    In the year of 1989, the UNEP Assessment Panel of experts reports THE NEED for tougher controls.

  • London Amendment

    In the year of 1990, Parties agree to completely phase out CFCs by the year 2000, and to establish a Multilateral Fund to assist developing countries. US$ 240 million was allocated for 1991 - 1993.

  • HCFCs

    In the year of 1991, the UNEP Assessment Panels recommend that more substances
    (HCFCs, methyl bromide) are controlled and that the phase out
    of CFCs is advanced.

  • Copenhagen Amendment

    In the year of 1992, it was decided that the developed countries phase out HCFCs by 2030, freeze methyl bromide by 1995 and that the phase out of CFCs be brought forward to 1996.

  • Bangkok

    In the year of 1993, the Meeting of the Parties, held in Bangkok, agrees to a replenishment of the Multilateral Fund - US$455 million for 1994 - 1996.

  • Global Environment Facility

    In the year of 1995, Some countries, the Russian Federation and others, report an inability to phase out CFCs by 1996 due to their internal problems.The Global Environment Facility (GEF) offers to help them. Developing countries agree to phase out methyl bromide by 2010.

  • Costa Rica

    In the year of 1996, The Meeting of the Parties held in Costa Rica, approves the replenishment of the Multilateral Fund and gives US$466 million for 1997 - 1999.

  • Montreal Amendment

    In the year of 1997, Industrialized countries agree to phase out methyl bromide by 2005. Developing countries will phase out the same by 2015.Licensing for the import and export of CFCs was introduced.

  • The Beijing Declaration

    The Beijing Declaration (December 1999) reiterated the
    commitment of all Governments to continue full implementation
    of the Montreal Protocol and ensure the protection of the ozone layer.

  • Beijing

    The Ozone meetings in Beijing in December 1999 approved a
    replenishment of the Multilateral Fund of US$ 440 million for the years 2000-2002 for continuing the phase-out of CFCs, in addition to the carry-over of US$ 35.7 million from the previous period.The 11th Meeting of the Parties in Beijing banned bromochloromethane, (a new ozone-depleting chemical) and put controls on production of HCFCs and trade in HCFCs with non-Parties.