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8 BCE
Monarchy
Rome was governed by kings of Latin and Etruscan origin . It became the most powerful city in its region , known as Latium . -
6 BCE
Republic
Rome expanded around the Mediterranean , from the Iberian Peninsula to the Near East provinces . -
1 BCE
Empire
Augustus was the first Roman emperor . Rome reached its greatest territorial extent . The Empire began to decline in the 3rd century AD .