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Jamestown
-Jamestown was established to become a fortified settlement due to the lack of risks from Indian tribes.
-John Rolfe (who had tobacco seeds in his pocket) was the start of the tobacco harvest, which enabled them to become a more wealthy group.
-The headright system was used to fill in the spots to farm tobacco, which consisted of using indentured servants and slaves to for agriculture. -
Period: to
May 24th, 1607 - January 1st, 1863
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Pilgrims/Puritans
-City on a Hill referred to the belief that the Puritan way of life was better than the rest, thus it being closer to God.
-The Puritans had little to no religious tolerance, due to the fact that they were extremely prejudiced against other religions.
-Puritans had a very strong work ethic, as they felt that no work was unjust and against God.
-The Mayflower Compact defined colonial self-government.
-The Halfway Covenent basically was a way to recruit new members of their church. -
Popular Sovereignty
-Authority of government is both created a sustained by the people.
-People having the final say in governmental decisions. -
Mercantilism/Salutary Neglect
-Mercantilism was defined by the British Empire, which defined how to become an economically powerful country. This was defined by a country exporting more than it was importing.
-Salutary Neglect came through due to Britain's aim at keeping the colonies away from France. They relaxed their trading policies due to this. -
Deism
-Deism was the belief in the natural world due to observation and reasoning.
-They didn't believe in revelations or authority due to higher religious members. -
Bacon's Rebellion
-Slaves and indentured servants created their own alliance, which then rallied against land owners. -
Great Awakening
-The Great Awakening refers to the time period in which there were many religious revivals.
-This occured in the early 18th century to the late 19th century.
-This increased church memberships in many different places in the colonies. -
French and Indian War
-Salutary Neglect was ended after the British Victory, which began the taxes on the Americans.
-The Proclamation Line was drawn to keep Americans from moving past the Appalachian Mountains.
-The revenue acts that Britain enforced (such as the Stamp Act) came in to play to tax the American settlers. -
Founding Fathers
The founding fathers disbelieved in political parties, as they were a threat towards them.
-They felt as if a view towards the public should be generalized. -
Revolutionary Way
-The Americans persuaded the French to join their side and help them fight against the British.
-France's allies went to war with Britain in the later years.
-This posed high debt on America due to France's aid. -
Declaration of Independence
-The Declaration of Independence stated that the thirteen American colonies were no longer part of the British Empire.
-They were tired of being forced into laws and paying taxes that they did not agree with. -
Articles of Confederation
-Only the central government was allowed to deal with forgein policies and able to declare war.
-Shay's rebeliion threatened the state government, which consisted of agitated farmers.
-The flaws of the Articles eventually were replaced with the U.S. Constitution. -
British violations of Treaty of Paris
-These treaties ended the American war.
-The British violated this treaty because of their forts north of Ohio. -
Land Ordinance of 1785: Land Ordinance of 1787
-Land was systematically divided into townships, which were further broken down into miles.
-It later became possible to again divide each section to be sold as land. -
Constitution
-The Federal Government was divided into three powers, which split its power by strengthening it as a whole.
-The Antifederalists opposed the Constitution, and the Federalists supposrted it.
-The most important amendments were the 12th, 13th, 14th, 15th, 16th, 17th, 19th, 21st, 22nd, 24th, and 25th. -
Hamilton Economic Policies
-Hamilton's Financial plans thrived off of national debt.
-Congress believed that the main source of income should be tariffs and tonnage duties.
-Federal bank notes attributed to the Bank of the US due to it being its main purpose.
-Jefferson understood his reasoning.
-Politics were struggling due to the Democratic-Republicans. -
Bill of Rights
-It's purpose was to lighten the hearts of the Anti-Federalists.
-During this time, the parties started to swap places, with Anti-Federalists opposing it and Federalists supporting it. -
Washington's Neutrality Proclamation
-Formal announcement which declared the nation to become neutral between the battle of Britain and France. -
Eli Whitney
-Created the Cotton Gin which increased slavery drastically.
-Price in slaves went up, changing economy.
-Made parts that could fit into any machine to ensure proper assembly and to repair broken machines. -
Washington's Farewell Address
-This was George Washington's resignation from being such a great help to our country.
-He served 20 years to our country and helped it become what it is. -
Alien and Sedition Act
-Democratic-Republicans served as an opposing team towards the Virginia and Kentucky resolves.
-The Alien and Sedition Acts increased residency requirement for American citizenship. -
Election of 1800
-Referred to as the "Revolution of 1800".
-It exposed a flaw in the Constitution.
-Each elector voted one per each person, resulting in a tie. -
Marbury v. Madison
-Case began due to a petition to the Supreme Court by William Marbury.
-Madison refused to deliver the commission given to him, which was found to be illegal and remediable. -
Louisiana Purchase
-France sold 828,000 square miles of American land to the United States.
-Jefferson wanted this land for agriculture. -
Irish Immigrants
-American political movement nationally.
-'Purified' American poltics by getting rid of Irish Catholics and other immigrants. -
War of 1812
-32 month military conflict between the US and UK.
-Caused by the main reason, America having trading restrictions with other countries. -
Hartford Convention
-Meetings which discuss the War of 1812 and the political problems that arose from it.
-Also spoke of the Federal Government's increasing power. -
Compromise of 1820
-Prohibited slavery north of the 36-30' line.
-Split up the map to where there were too many boundaries. -
Monroe Doctrine
-Was caused by European efforts to colonize land that was interfering with North or South America.
-Said that the US would also not interfere.
-Was completely defined by the foreign policy of the US.
-Roosevelt Corollary allowed the US to disallow European powers to become hostile due to lent money. -
Transcendentalism
-Both religious and philisophical movement.
-Believed that society and politics corrupted people.
-Protested against the generalized society and culture. -
Tariff of Abominations/Nullification Crisis
-Tariff of Abominations was a protective tariff designed to protect the northern industry in the US.
-Calhoun helped create a tariff that had a huge effect on materials imported from New England.
-Appealed to Andrew Jackson, who was a supporter of the north.
-Collecting taxes led to the secession. -
Andrew Jackson
-Indian "cleansing" of the land.
-Dismantled the 2nd Bank of the US
-Expanded suffrage to all white males.
-Receieved surplus funds from the US Treasury due to Pet Banks. -
William Lloyd Garrison
-Published the Liberator
-Was published in Mass. until slavery was abolished.
-Abolitionist papers -
American System
-Tariff used to protect and promote American Industry.
-Used federal subsidies for canals and internal improvements.
-Developed profitable markets for agriculture. -
Lowell System
-Labor and production model in the US, generally used with the textile industry.
-Made possible due to technological advancements. -
Mexico
-James K. Polk defeated Henry Clay.
-Policy shaped politics during the period of Reconstruction. -
Manifest Destiny
-Used to justify wars, such as the war with Mexico.
-'Settlers were destined to expand westwardly'.
-Criticized by Whigs.
-Supported by Democrats. -
Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo
-Peace treaty
-Ended the Mexican-American war. -
Seneca Falls Convention
-Early influential woman's rights convention.
-Held in Seneca Falls, New York.
-Elizabeth Cady Stanton was a non-quaker, who helped prepare the documents and resolutions.
-Anthony wrote about the history of the women's rights movement. -
Emerson, Cooper and other early 19th century authors
-Transcendentalism
-Authors who were transcendentalists used their work to help promote this movement. -
Compromise of 1850
-Splits California at parallel 35degree north (Southern proposal).
-South gained a stronger Fugitive Slave Act. -
Lincoln/Republican policy on Slavery in 1860
-Dominated politics in the 1860s.
-Abraham Lincoln was the first Republican president.
-Republicans became in control of Congress, which led them to control of the Northern states...again. -
Kansas-Nebraska Act
-Opened new lands for settlement
-Repealed the Missouri Compromise.
-Allowed white males to determine the possibility of having slavery in a territory. -
Dred Scott Case
-African Americans, either slaves or freed, could be American citizens
-Was prohibitted by the Missouri Compromise.
-Direct violation of the Northwest Ordinance. -
John Brown
-John Brown was an abolitionist.
-Harper's Ferry was the location that he led a raid on the federal army.
-Within 36 hours, all of his men fled or were killed.
-The slaves in the South agreed, while the North disliked it. -
Civil War
-Slavery was the cause of the Civil War.
-The North had the most materials and vast numbers, which basically won them the war.
-The south was able to fight on its homeland, and they also had a steady supply of resources due to the fact that they make most of their own food.
-The Confederacy purchased ships from Britain. -
Emancipation Proclamation
-Executive order issued by Abraham Lincoln, which proclaimed freedom of slaves in the ten states that were still in rebellion.
-This applied to 3.1 million of the 4 million lsaves in the US.
-This was used as a war measure against the South. -
Cult of Domesticity
-Cult of True Womanhood
-Among the upper and middle class of women.
-New ideas of femininity
-Woman's role within the house and community changes. -
Video 1: The Seven Years War and the Great Awakening
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Video 2 : The War of 1812
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Video 3 : The Age of Jackson
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Video 4: The Constitution, the Articles, and Federalism
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Video 5 : The Industrial Economy
