The New Kingdom

By beanboozled16
  • Period: 2055 BCE to 100

    Construction of the Karnak Temple

    The Karnak Temple was a religious temple complex located in the Ancient city, Thebes. The Karnak Temple Complex's construction dates back to the Middle Kingdom through to the Ptolemaic Period, but many of the buildings date back to the New Kingdom, most likely due to Thebes becoming the capital of Egypt. The temple was dedicated to the Theban triad, Amon, Mut and Khonsu.
  • Period: 1650 BCE to 1508 BCE

    Hyksos Dynasty

    The 13th and 14th dynasties were invaded by a group of foreigners called the Hyksos, who formed the Fifteenth Dynasty. They occupied the Nile Delta whilst the Nubians occupied the south of Egypt. King of Thebes is killed by the Hyksos. His sons, Kamose and Ahmose set out to defeat their enemy.
  • 1551 BCE

    Kamose' Death

    Kamose dies on the verge of defeating the Hyksos, leaving his younger brother, Ahmose (aged 10) to continue their war to freedom.
  • Period: 1550 BCE to 1353 BCE

    Ancient Thebes is capital of Egypt for most of 18th dynasty

    The ancient city of Thebes was made capital of Egypt in the 18th Dynasty and where its prosperity reached its peak. The city was home to the deity, Amon, and many temples,shrines and monuments were built in his honour. The pharaohs of the New Kingdom built great temples on the east bank, like the Luxor Temple, and even larger mortuary temples on the west. Thebes was capital for most of the 18th dynasty however, was neglected in Akhenaten's reign and the worship of Amon was halted.
  • Period: 1550 BCE to 1292 BCE

    Trade of the 18th Dynasty

    Trade was important to Egypt, and goods were exported to and imported from countries around the Mediterranean Sea, Aegean Sea and the Red Sea. Ivory, copper, cattle, leopard skins and spices were imported from Nubia in the south. Kush was the closest trade partner to Egypt. The Egyptians in the New Kingdom benefited from the conquest of Kush, mainly by excavating gold sites there. Many paintings depict Kushites presenting gold to Pharaohs of the New Kingdom.
  • Period: 1539 BCE to 1514 BCE

    Ahmose I's Reign (beginning of 18th dynasty)

    Upon expelling the Hyksos from Egypt, Ahmose becomes the founder of the Eighteenth Dynasty and rules over Egypt as pharaoh. During his reign he invaded Palestine and advanced into Nubia (allies of the Hyksos)
  • 1521 BCE

    Hyksos Dynasty Ends due to Ahmose's success

    The Theban army, lead by Ahmose, defeat Avaris which ends the 108 years of the Hyksos' rule over Egypt
  • Period: 1504 BCE to 1492 BCE

    Reign of Thutmose I

    Thutmose I was the third pharaoh of the 18th dynasty, following Amenhotep I. He was one of the first pharaohs to be buried in the 'Valley of the Kings'. He is most famous for military achievements, like claiming victory against the Syrians and expanding Egypt's borders farther than ever before. When he was faced with the rebellion of Nubia in his fourth year, he began many military projects which ended their independence for the next 500 years. He also built many monuments in Karnak.
  • Period: 1492 BCE to 1479 BCE

    Reign of Thutmose II

    Thutmose II was the son and became successor to Thutmose I at a very young age. Although he was the official pharaoh, evidence suggests that his wife and half sister, Hatshepsut, strongly influenced his decisions as pharaoh and she eventually took over as pharaoh after his death. Thutmose II built some monuments and did some minor campaigns during his reign but otherwise didn't act very independently in his reign. He conceived Thutmose III with his secondary wife or concubine, the queen, Iset.
  • Period: 1479 BCE to 1457 BCE

    Hatshepsut's Reign

    Hatshepsut became queen of Egypt when she married her half-brother, Thutmose II, around the age of 12. When her husband died, she became a regent for her stepson, Thutmose III, before officially becoming a co-leader of Egypt in 1473. This gave her all the powers of a pharaoh. During her reign, she was able to expand Egypt's external trade by sending a commercial expedition to the land of Punt.
  • Period: 1479 BCE to 1425 BCE

    Reign of Thutmose III

    Thutmose III began as a co-regent for his stepmother, Hatshepsut, and served as head of her armies. This lasted for 22 years until he finally took over as pharaoh after her death. He is called the greatest of the rulers due to his military accomplishments, for example, conquering all of Syria and defeating the Mitannians by crossing the Euphrates River. The Battle of Megiddo was led by Thutmose III which resulted in Egypt's victory. He made about 16 raids in 20 years and built many monuments.
  • 1457 BCE

    Battle of Megiddo

    The Battle of Megiddo took place in Megiddo, Canaan and was fought between Egyptians, led by Thutmose III with 10,000-20,000 men, and 15,000 Syrians. As a result, the Egyptians won and Egypt was able to reach its greatest expanse as an empire.
  • Period: 1401 BCE to 1391 BCE

    Reign of Thutmose IV

    Thutmose IV reigned for only 9-10 years and was the successor of Amenhotep II. Since he was not the chosen successor of the crown, it is suspected that Thutmose drove out his older brother in order to become pharaoh. He is most famous for bringing in a period of peace during his reign. Due to the growing menace of the Hittite empire, he secured an alliance with the Mitanni Empire, a long time enemy of Ancient Egypt. During his reign, he also erected monuments and a mortuary temple in Thebes.
  • 1400 BCE

    Construction of Luxor Temple Begins

    The Luxor Temple is a large temple complex which began construction in Amenhotep III's reign, with many of the temples at the rear being built by him. However, unlike most temples, it was not dedicated to worshipping a deity or a deceased pharaoh but to the rejuvenation of kingship. So many Egyptian pharaohs would have been crowned here.
  • Period: 1400 BCE to 1200 BCE

    Hittite Empire

    The Hittites were an empire who came in to conflict with the Ancient Egyptians to gain control of the Near East, also known as modern day Syria. Due to Akhenaten's lack of interest in international affairs, the Hittites had gradually extended their influence into Phoenicia and Canaan to become a major power in international politics
  • Period: 1391 BCE to 1353 BCE

    Reign of Amenhotep III

    Amenhotep III was the successor of Thutmose IV and was called 'Amenhotep the Magnificent'. He is most famous for maintaining the peace and prosperity of Ancient Egypt at the time, like his father. He devoted most of his time to the arts and as a result, many of the greatest structures of Ancient Egypt were built during his reign. He was also able to strengthen and expand Egypt's borders through military campaigns. He died as a result of dental problems, arthritis and obesity.
  • Period: 1353 BCE to 1335 BCE

    Reign of Akhenaten

    Akhenaten, originally called Amenhotep IV, was the son and successor of Amenhotep III is well known for devoting most of his reign to religious affairs, more specifically, to the conversion to Atenism. He outlawed other religions and in place, created the first monotheistic system dedicated to the Sun God, Aten, and changed his name to Akhenaten. Most of his reign was spent building temples and monuments dedicated to the Aten and in doing this, he abandoned Thebes and built a new city, Akhenaten
  • Period: 1333 BCE to 1323 BCE

    Reign of Tutankhamun

    Tutankhamen (also known as King Tut), became pharaoh at the young age of 9 or 10 and died when he was 18. He was very frail. and in poor health. By the time he was pharaoh, Egypt had suffered a great loss of wealth and prestige due to his father's reign. However, he was able to re-establish Egypt's former religion and open the temples of Amun once again. Unfortunately, he could not completely reverse the poor ruling of his father due to his early death, suspected to be an assassination.
  • 1323 BCE

    Tutankhamun's Death

    King Tut died at a young age of 19, ending his 10 year reign. Theories have been proposed about the cause of death, some suggesting that he died due to a gangrene infection while others believing he took a blow to the head by political rivals.
  • Period: 1319 BCE to 1292 BCE

    Reign of Horemheb

    Horemheb was the successor of Ay and the last pharaoh of the 18th Dynasty. He is known to have completely restabilised and erase the damage done to the country following the Amarna period. He destroyed the city and the monuments of Akhenaten. Although Egypt was able to return to the prosperity it had before Akhenaten's reign, it couldn't match the heights reached by Amenhotep III.
  • 1274 BCE

    Battle of Kadesh

    The Battle of Kadesh took place between the Egyptians, led by Ramesses II and the Hittites in Syria and was fought with the intentions of gaining control over Syria. It is believed to be the largest chariot battle ever fought. The battle led to a peace treaty between the two powers.