-
153
Sher Shah Suri, the leader of the rival Sur dynasty
drives Humayun out of India and seizes power -
532
Humayun gains the throne
Due to instability within the empire, Babur's death in 1530 leads to difficulties with his son Humayun's succession. Some of the nobles instead try to install Humayun's uncle, Mahdi Khwaja, and, though they are defeated, it signals Humayun's weakness. -
Apr 21, 1526
Battle of Panipat
marks the beginning of the Mughal Empire. This is one of the earliest battles to involve gunpowder, firearms, and field artillery. -
Jan 27, 1555
Humayun stop for daily
Humayun stops for daily prayer in the middle of carrying books down a flight of stairs and trips. He is fatally injured and dies three days later. -
Jul 23, 1555
Humayun takes advantage of the deaths of both Sher Shah Suri and his son and successor
Islam Shah, to march an army provided by his Persian allies back to India. He puts the army under the leadership of Bairam Khan, who proves himself a much more skilled tactician. -
Nov 5, 1556
Bairam Khan
under Bairam Khan, the Mughal army defeats the Surs and solidifies Akbar's control. -
Jan 25, 1559
Jahangir leads a revolt against his father
Impatiently leads a revolt against the father and that Akbar is engaged in a foreign military campaign. -
Jan 31, 1561
Akbar strips Bairam
under the guidance of his mother and other supporters, Akbar strips Bairam Khan of the regency, and Khan is assassinated on a journey to Mecca. -
jahangir succeeds as emperor
Jahangir succeeds as emperor, thanks to the immense support of the harem women. -
Jahangir died
on his way back from a visit to Kashmir and is succeeded by his third son, Shah Jahan. It is during this period that the court's opulence becomes more expensive than its value -
construction on the Taj Mahal
is an ivory-white marble mausoleum on the south bank of the Yamuna river in the Indian city of Agra. In memory of his third wife, Mumtaz Mahal. -
Shah Jahan falls
his eldest son, Dara Shikoh, becomes regent for him. However, due to his liberal politics, his younger brother, Aurangzeb, allies with conservative Islamic factions to oppose him. -
Aurangzeb defeats Dara Shikoh
Aurangzeb defeats Dara Shikoh and has him executed. Though Shah Jahan has recovered by this point, Aurangzeb declares him unfit for rule and has him imprisoned -
end of the Mughal Empire.
has become the protector of the Mughal Empire, using it to solidify their claim on trade with India. Bahadur Shah Zafar, the final Mughal ruler, leads a revolt against them, although he is in reality little more than a figurehead. The revolt is defeated and the Mughals deposed by the East India Company, which assumes formal control over the country and ends the Mughal Empire. -
the demise
tries to undo the disastrous policies of his father, but it is too little, too late. The empire descends into chaos and violent feuds after his death and starts to break up.
