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Period: 1300 to
Renaissance
The Renaissance was a fervent period of European cultural, artistic, political and economic rebirth. It takes place from the 14th century to the 17th century, the Renaissance promoted the rediscovery of classical philosophy, literature and art. Some of the most famous Renaissance artists, scientists and writers are Leonardo da Vinci (1452–1519),
Desiderius Erasmus (1466–1536),
Rene Descartes (1596–1650),
Galileo (1564-1642) -
1420
Florence Cathedral´s dome (Brunelleschi)
When it was consecrated in 1436, it was the world’s largest church. Among the building’s significant features are its stained-glass windows, its collections of paintings and its dome. -
1498
Pietá (Michelangelo)
It was a big statue that It represents the pain of la Virgen María as she holds the body of her son Jesus in her arms as he descends from the cross. -
1509
School of Athens (Raphael Sanzio)
It was one of the most significant artworks of the Renaissance. The theme of the frescoes in the school was the historical justification of the power of the Catholic Church. The School of Athens is in the larger walls and the Parnassus and Cardinal Virtues -
Period: 1520 to 1520
The revolt of the Comuneros in Castilla
Castilla was left in the hands of his grandson King Carlos I, Son of Juana la loca. King Charles I brought with him to Castilla the Flemish court, and the Castilian nobility did not take kindly to this act. Adding that the king imposed higher taxes on the Castilian communities. This led to a series of urban revolts by the people that eventually included the Castilian nobility. After a year of rebellion, the Emperor's loyalists, defeated the Comunero troops at the Battle of Villalar. -
Period: 1568 to 1571
The rebellion of Alpujarras
The Alpujarras War was one of the bloodiest conflicts in Spanish history. In 1568, the Moors of Granada rebelled against King Philip II. News of the event quickly reached Granada, where the Moorish bourgeoisie declared their loyalty to the Crown. In contrast, in the rural areas, the fuse of rebellion was easily lit. On one night 1568, a group of royal officials who were Old Christians were murdered in the Alpujarras. In November 1570, the moors were expelled from Granada. -
Period: 1568 to
The Eighty Years War
The Eighty Years' War was a military conflict between the seventeen provinces of the Netherlands and Spain. Results of the war:Beginning of the end of the Spanish Empire,Portuguese independence as Spain lost hold of its colonies, the Netherlands becomes a major European power. The conflict claimed thousands and thousands of lives, by this time, the Thirty Years' War) had begun, which would draw all Europe into wars. Peace was concluded in 1648 with the establishment of the Dutch Republic. -
The defeat of the Spanish Armada by England
The defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588 are seen by many as the high point of Elizabeth I’s of England’s reign. It caused consequences in England like: England becomes a serious European naval power, England became more self-consciously Protestant. -
Period: to
Baroque art
Baroque art is a cultural and art movement that characterized Europe from the seventeenth to mid-eighteenth century. The Baroque era was very much defined by the influences of the art movement which came before it, the Renaissance. Some of the greatest artist are: Gian Lorenzo Bernini, Francesco Borromini, Annibale Carracci, Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio... -
Apollo and Daphne (Bernini)
In Greek Mythology, Apollo was the God of Light.
It was Apollo’s job to pull the sun across the sky in his 4-horse chariot every day. Daphne was a Naiad Nymph in Greek Mythology, and was the daughter of a river god. -
Saint Peter´s square proyect (Bernini)
This monumental elliptical space, is the masterpiece of Lorenzo Bernini, who laid it out during the pontificates of Alexander VII and of Clement IX. Years later Alexander VII decided to build the square as we know it today. -
The Spinners (Velázquez)
It was one of the most famous of the paintings by Velázquez. In this composition, the artist looks back to his bodegones, where two different areas and two planes of reality balance each other. -
Period: to
Neoclassical art
Neoclassical art, also known as Neoclassicism, is a 18th-century artistic movement that revived the ideals and styles of ancient Greece and Rome. The first Neoclassicism belief was that art should express the ideal virtues in life and could improve the viewer by imparting a moralizing message. Some graet artist are:
Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres
Jacques-Louis David
William-Adolphe Bouguereau
Angelica Kauffman -
Oath of the Horatii (Jacques-Louis David)
The hidden reality of the work is a message from Louis XVI: The French had to be loyal to the crown, no matter what. It represents the precise moment when padre Horacio hands over the weapons to his sons. They swear to give their lives for the fatherland with the Nazi salute. -
Carlos IV of Spain and his family (Francisco de Goya)
This painting is one of the most impotant of Francisco de Goya´s career. We see an attempt on the part of the Crown to show itself as a strong and united family nucleus. The family is grouped together in an attempt to appear affectionate and secure. However, the effect achieved is just the opposite: the hierarchy inherent to the rank of the characters is naturally altered by the roles that each member occupies within the family.