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1420
Florence Cathedral`s dome, by Brunelleschi
The dome of Florence Cathedral is so unique because it was and is the largest brick dome in the world and also because of the technique used: the herringbone pattern allowed the bricks to be reinforced as they were laid, so that they would not fall off the wall when it incline more. Construction took sixteen years, but in 1436 the Florentines saw the rise of a unique dome. The cathedral was built on the site of the old church of Santa Reparata. -
Period: 1450 to
renaissance
Is a period of history and a European cultural movement covering the 15th and 16th centuries, started during the crisis of the Late Middle Ages and ends in 1600s;
In some ways, Renaissance humanism was not a philosophy but yes a method of learning. In contrast to the medieval school mode, which focused on resolve contradictions between authors, Renaissance humanists would study ancient texts in their original languages them through a combination of reasoning and empirical evidence. -
1498
Pietá, by Michelangelo Buonarroti
is a Carrara marble sculpture of Jesus and Mary at Mount Golgotha representing the "Sixth Sorrow". The sculpture captures the moment when Jesus, taken down from the cross, is given to his mother Mary; about the inspiration of Michelangelo one Theory suggests that Michelangelo's was influenced by his passion for Dante's Divine Comedy: so well-acquainted was he with the work that when he went to Bologna, he paid for hospitality by reciting verses from it. -
1509
The school of Athens, by Raphel Sanzio
It was painted between 1509 and 1511. Representing philosophy, is believed to be the 3º painting to be finished there. The identities of some of the philosophers in the picture, such as Plato and Aristotle, have been ascertained. Several other of Raphael's figures have been the subject of conjecture. Some have received multiple identifications. The painting is notable for its use of accurate perspective projection, a defining characteristic of Renaissance art, which Raphael learned from Leonardo -
Period: 1520 to 1521
The revolt of the Comuneros in Castilla
The revolt occurred in the wake of political instability in the Crown of Castile after the death of Queen Isabella I in 1504;
Discontent had been brewing for years before the Revolt of the Comuneros. The second half of the 15th century saw profound political, economic, and social changes in Spain. Economic growth created new urban industries and offered a route to power and wealth not tied to the aristocracy -
Period: 1568 to 1571
The rebelion of the Alpujarras
War of the Alpujarras or the Morisco Revolt, was the second such revolt against the Castilian Crown in the mountainous Alpujarra region and on the Granada Altiplano region, northeast of the city of Granada.The Muslim inhabitants of the city, however, soon revolted against Christian rule in 1499, followed by the mountain villages (this revolt was suppressed by 1501). The rebellion reportedly took on a fanatic character, with the torturing and murder of priests, and the destruction of churches. -
Period: 1568 to
The Eighty Years War
It was a military conflict between the seventeen provinces of the Netherlands and Spain, which began during the reign of King Philip II of Spain. The main issues of the war were the political and religious policies of Philip II in the Spanish low countries, particularly high taxes and persecution of Protestants. the Union of Utrecht continued their resistance, proclaiming their independence through the 1581 Act and establishing the Republic in 1588 -
The defeat of the spanish Armada by England
The Spanish were opposed by an English fleet based in Plymouth. Faster and more maneuverable than the larger Spanish galleons, its ships were able to attack the Armada as it sailed up the Channel.
The expedition was the largest engagement of the undeclared Anglo-Spanish War.
England had been strategically in alliance with Spain for a lot of decades before to England and Spain entering into war. In the mid to late 15th century, France under Louis XI was the strongest power in western Europe. -
Period: to
Baroque art
Baroque painting its great range of styles, was the most important painting during the period beginning around 1600 .
The council of trent raised by both Protestants and by who had remained inside the Catholic Church, addres the representational arts in a short and some oblique passage in its decrees. The term "Baroque" was initially used with a derogatory meaning, to underline the excesses of its emphasis. One example is Apollo and Daphne. -
Apollo and Daphne, by Bernini
is a life-sized marble sculpture by the Italian artist Gian Lorenzo Bernini, which was realized between 1622 and 1625. It is regarded as one of the artistic marvels of the Baroque age.
Apollo and Daphne was the last of a number of important works commissioned by Cardinal Scipione Borghese from Gian Lorenzo Bernini that helped to define Baroque sculpture. Thereafter, Bernini served a succession of popes. -
Saint Peter´s square project by Bernini
is a large plaza located directly in front of St. Peter's Basilica in Vatican City, the papal enclave in Rome, directly west of the neighborhood of Borgo. At the centre of the square is the Vatican obelisk, an ancient Egyptian obelisk at the current site in 1586;
There were many constraints from existing structures. The massed accretions of the Vatican Palace crowded the space to the right of the basilica's "façade" -
The spinners, by Velázquez
One of the most famous of the paintings by Velázquez, and an example of his great mythological works, is The Spinners, also known as The Fable of Arachne. In its composition, the artist looks back to his bodegones, where two different areas and two planes of reality balance each other. The everyday scene in the foreground shows a plainly furnished room where women are at work spinning. -
Period: to
Neoclassical art
Neoclassicism in the arts is an aesthetic attitude based on the art of Greece and Rome in antiquity. Neoclassicism was born in Rome, largely due to the writings of Johann Joachim Winckelmann during the rediscovery of Pompeii and Herculaneum.
Neoclassicism is a revival of the many styles and spirit of antiquity inspired directly from the classical period, which coincided and reflected the developments in philosophy and other areas of the Age Enlightenment -
Oath of the Horatii, by Jacques-Louis David
The painting immediately became a huge success with critics and the public and remains one of the best-known paintings in the Neoclassical style. The principal sources for the story behind David's Oath are the first book of Livy which was elaborated by Dionysius in book 3 of his Roman Antiquities. However, the moment depicted in David's painting is his own invention; In 1774, David won the Prix de Rome with his work Érasistrate découvrant la cause de la Maladie "d’Antiochius" -
Carlos IV of spain and his family, by francisco de Goya
is an oil-on-canvas group portrait painting by the Spanish artist Francisco Goya. He began work on the painting in 1800.
Description: The group portrait was completed the year after Goya first became court painter, the highest position available to a Spanish artist and one previously occupied by Diego Velázquez.
The French writer Theophile Gautier called it a "picture of the corner grocer who has just won the lottery" and its have sometimes been suggested that Goya satirising his subjects.