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1434
The Dome of Florence cathedral
The Dome of Florence cathedral, designed by Filipo Brunelleschi. they began to build it in 1420. The new church was designed by Arnolfo di Cambio in 1296 and the foundation stone was laid on 8 September 1296. The realization of this vast project would last 170 years, until 1434, with the efforts of several generations. more than a dome, it is considered an octagonal vault with sails. Brunelleschi was inspired by the dome of the "double wall" of the Pantheon in Rome. -
1499
Pietá
La Pietá is a famous sculpture by Michelangelo, that represents the virgin Mary holding Jesus death body. its located in St. Peters Basilica. This marble work greatly highlights, its technical perfection and Mary's idealized youth, which contrasts with the brutality of the sacrifice she represents The artist used pyramid composition, which helps to transmit stability. It was commissioned by Cardinal of Saint Denis, an it became one of the most celebrated sculptures in the history. -
1511
The school of Athens
It is a Raphael Sanzio´s painting. This work represents some thinkers of ancient Greece, with Plato, who has his finger raised upwards, indicating the world of ideas and Aristotle, that brings his hand to the ground, to reality,. They´re surrounded by thinkers like Socrates, Pythagoras or Euclid, at the back there are gigantic figures of Apollo and Athena. This work was part of a commission to decorate with frescoes the rooms that are now known as Raphael's Rooms, located in different places. -
Period: 1520 to 1527
Renaissance
Renaissance, it is period in European civilization following the Middle Ages and held to have been characterized by a surge of interest in values. The Renaissance also witnessed the discovery and exploration of new continents, the substitution of the Copernican for the Ptolemaic system of astronomy, the decline of the feudal system and the growth of commerce, and the creation of things like paper, printing, the mariner’s compass, and gunpowder. -
Period: 1520 to 1521
The War of the Communities of Castile
The War of the Communities of Castile was the armed uprising of the Communards. The protagonist cities were Segovia,Toledo and Valladolid. The uprising took place at a time of political instability of the Crown, which had dragged on since the death of Isabella the Catholic. In 1517, King Charles I arrived in Asturias, faced with the new situation, Charles I decided to undertake new political initiatives, such as annulling the service granted in the Cortes of La Coruña-Santiago. -
Period: 1568 to
The Eighty Years War
The war of Netherlands independence from Spain, led to the separation of Netherland and to the formation of the United Provinces of the Netherlands. The first phase of the war began with two unsuccessful invasions of the provinces by mercenary armies and foreign-based raids. By the end of 1573 the Geuzen had captured, converted to Calvinism, and secured against Spanish attack the provinces of Holland and Zeeland. The other provinces joined in the revolt in 1576, and a general union was formed. -
Period: 1568 to 1571
The rebellion of the Alpujarras
The Alpujarras Rebellion was a conflict that took place in Spain during the reign of Philip II. The large Moorish population of the Kingdom of Granada rose up in arms in protest against the Pragmatic Sanction that limited their cultural freedoms. When the royal power managed to defeat the rebels, it was decided to deport the surviving Moors to various points in the rest of the Crown of Castile, whose Moorish population went from twenty thousand to one hundred thousand people. -
The defeat of the Spanish Armada
British Queen Elizabeth I constantly commanded the Caribbean colonies with the help of corsairs backed by the queen. the Spanish king's solution was to invade Great Britain, so they began in 1584 the preparation pf a large fleet. damaged by storms and suffering from a dire lack of supplies, the Armada sailed on a hard journey back to Spain. Some of the ships foundered in the sea while others wrecked. By the time the last of the surviving fleet reached Spain, half of the original Armada was lost. -
Period: to
Baroque art
The Baroque is a highly ornate and elaborate style of architecture, art and desig. The first manifestations, which occurred in Italy, in some regions, especially in Germany and in colonial South America, did not occur until the eighteenth century. The work that distinguishes the Baroque period is stylistically complex, even contradictory. In general, however, the desire to allude to emotional states by appealing to the senses, often in a dramatic way, underlies their manifestations. -
Apollo and Daphne
The statue of Berdinino is about Apollo and Daphne, a story from Greek mythology about a nymph who is hunted by the sun god, Apollo, who as punishment for mocking Eros, was shooted with a love arrow while Daphne was shooted with a hateful one. When Apollo pursues Daphne, she flees, asking for help to the river god Peneus, her father. To save her, he transforms her into a laurel tree. Apollo hugged the tree and promised that for now on this would be his sacred tree, a symbol of glory. -
Saint Peter´s square proyect
Under the mandate of Alexander VII, Bernini designed the project St. Peter's Square. His intention was to insert a large space that could narrate the power and dominance of Catholic church. has an oval-shaped form, and around the columns there are worshippers. In its center is an Egyptian obelisk, flanked on two sides. The design features the Basilica in the background. Because it is a project that links the Pope with his Flock, it confirms St. Peter's Square as a place of spiritual encounter. -
the Spinners
The Spinners, a painting by Velázquez, preserved in the Prado Museum. Thematically is one of the most enigmatic works of this artist. It consists of Athena, posing as an old lady, and Arachne. The stroy tells the human proposed a bet to decide which one was better at knitting. The goddess lost, having to accept that Arachne's skill was superior. However, the winner was equally punished for her insolence. so at the end Atenea did not take the defeat well, and turned the spinner into a spider. -
Period: to
Neoclassical art
Neoclassicism in the arts is an aesthetic attitude based on the art of Greece and Rome in antiquity, which invokes harmony, clarity, restraint, universality, and idealism. In the context of the tradition, refers to the art produced later but inspired by antiquity. Classicizing artists tend to prefer somewhat more specific qualities, which include line over colour, straight lines over curves, and the general over the particular. -
Oath of the Horatii
A painting by Jacques-Louis David, it's inspired by a leyend. triplet brothers against the Curiatii, triplets too, to settle the dispute between two places. The situation worssens cause one of the sisters of the Horatii was betrothed to a Curatius. Despite the bonds and the laments of the women, they fought. Horatti wins after the death of his two brothers and kills the Curiati. Back in Rome, his sister reproached him for the death of her beloved, and he kills his sister Camila. -
Carlos IV and his family
This is an oil-on-canvas group portrait painting by the artist Francisco Goya. He began work on the painting in 1800, and completed it in the summer of 1801. The portrait features life-sized depictions of Charles IV and all the members family, ostentatiously dressed in fine costume and jewelry. In the painting we can find Charles IV and his wife, Maria Luisa of Parma, surrounded by their children and relatives.As in Las Meninas, the artist is shown working on a canvas behind the royal family.