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Oct 14, 1066
William the Conqueror invades England
William argued that Edward had previously promised the throne to him, and that Harold had sworn to support William's claim. William built a large fleet and invaded England in September 1066, decisively defeating and killing Harold at the Battle of Hastings on 14 October 1066. -
Sep 27, 1150
Paper is first mass produced in Spain
The Muslim conquest of Spain brought papermaking into Europe. Both Spain and Italy claim to be the first to manufacture paper in Europe. One of the first paper mills in Europe was in Xativa in the ancient city of Valencia and it can be dated to AD 1151. -
Jun 15, 1215
Magna Carta
Magna Carta is a charter agreed to by King John of England at Runnymede on 15 June 1215. First drafted by the Archbishop of Canterbury to make peace between the unpopular King and a group of rebel barons, it promised the protection of church rights, protection for the barons from illegal imprisonment, access to swift justice, and limitations on feudal payments to the Crown, to be implemented through a council of 25 barons. -
Sep 28, 1270
End of the Crusades
The emperor Frederick II for a short time recovered Jerusalem by a treaty, but in 1244 A.D. the City became under the possession of the Moslems. They have never since relinquished it. Acre, the last Christian post in Syria, fell in 1291 A.D., and with this event the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem ceased to exist. -
Sep 28, 1348
The Plague
The Black Death was an epidemic of bubonic plague, a disease caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis that circulates among wild rodents where they live in great numbers and density. -
Sep 27, 1378
first appearance of robin hood in literature
The first literary references to Robin Hood appear in a series of 14th- and 15th-century ballads about a violent yeoman who lived in Sherwood Forest with his men and frequently clashed with the Sheriff of Nottingham. The protagonist of these medieval stories is a commoner. -
Sep 27, 1387
Chaucer writes the Canterbury tales
Geoffrey Chaucer wrote The Canterbury Tales, a collection of stories in a frame story, between 1387 and 1400. It is the story of a group of thirty people who travel as pilgrims to Canterbury. -
Period: Sep 28, 1455 to Sep 29, 1485
War of the Roses
The Wars of the Roses were a series of wars for control of the throne of England. They were fought between supporters of two rival branches of the royal House of Plantagenet, those of Lancaster and York. -
Sep 28, 1485
First printing of Le Morte d'Arthur
Le Morte d'Arthur was first published in 1485 by William Caxton, and is today perhaps the best-known work of Arthurian literature in English. Many modern Arthurian writers have used Malory as their principal source. -
Sep 28, 1485
First Tudor king, Henry VII, is crowned
Henry VII, known before accession as Henry Tudor, 2nd Earl of Richmond was King of England after seizing the crown on 22 August 1485 until his death, the first monarch of the House of Tudor.