The history of the Atom project.

Democritus (460 BCE 370 BCE)

460

1) When did they live and where? Born in 460 BCE in Abdera, Thrace.
2) What new information did they contribute?
Created the idea of Atoms.
3) How did they find this new information?Democritus drew from watching decay and mixing of the elements laid out by the Eleatics, for instance the mixture of water and earth in mud that is not easily separated once combined.
facts:Aristotle found him to be his biggest competitor in the natural sciences.

Antoine Lavoisier (1743)

Jan 1, 1743

1) When did they live and where?
He was born in 1743
2) What new information did they contribute?
3) How did they find this new information?
facts:

John Dalton (1766-1844)

Jan 1, 1766

1) When did they live and where?Dalton was born into a modest Quaker family in Cumberland, England around 5th September 1766.
2)What new information did they contribute?Dalton’s Atomic theory has three principles: 1.Elements are made of the smallest particles called atoms.2.All atoms for a particular element are identical. 3.atoms of different elements can be told apart by their atomic weight.

Max Planck 1858 - 1947

Jan 1, 1858

1) When did they live and where?
2) What new information did they contribute?
3) How did they find this new information?
4)facts

Marie Curie (1867)

Nov 7, 1867

1) When did they live and where?Maria Salomea Sklodowska was born in Warsaw, Poland on November 7, 1867.
2) What new information did they contribute?She theorized correctly that the rays were coming from within uranium atoms, and not a chemical reaction.
3) How did they find this new information?She was very curious in Uranium & She knew the number of rays coming from uranium depended only on the amount of uranium present and not the chemical form of the uranium.
facts:Has a sister. (Bronya).

Robert Millikan (1868-1953)

Jan 1, 1868

1) When did they live and where?Born in the small town of Morrison, Illinois in 1868
2) What new information did they contribute?decided that there must be a method of more accurately determining the charge of an electron than those already in use.
3) How did they find this new information? performed what is now called the "Millikan oil drop experiment."
facts:. He died in Pasadena on December 19, 1953,

Ernest Rutherford 1871 - 1937

Oct 16, 1871

1) When did they live? Where did they live?
2) What new information did they contribute to the understanding of the atom?
3) How did they find this new information? (What experiments did they do?)
4) Interesting facts – other accomplishments, personal information, famous historical events at the time,etc.

Albert Einstein (1879-1955)

Jan 1, 1879

1) When did they live and where?Albert Einstein was born on March 14, 1879 in Ulm, Germany.
2) What new information did they contribute?provided powerful confirmation that atoms and molecules actually exist.
3) How did they find this new information?through his analysis of Brownian motion.
fact:discovered the equation, E = mc2, which showed that energy and matter can be converted into one another.

Neils Bohr (1885-1962)

Jan 1, 1885

1) When did they live and where? Neils Bohr was lived from 1885-1962 in Copenhagen, Denmark.
2) What new information did they contribute to the understanding of the atom? Bohr proposed and added to the model of the atom, he new idea of "quanta". He proposed that electron's existed at different distances from the nucleus, instead of forming a cloud.
3) How did they find this information? Bohr studied the structure of the atom and it's electrons.
Fact: In 1912 he married Margrethe Norlund.

Erwin Schrödinger 1887 - 1961

Jan 1, 1887

1) When did they live? Where did they live?
2) What new information did they contribute to the understanding of the atom?
3) How did they find this new information? (What experiments did they do?)
4) Interesting facts – other accomplishments, personal information, famous historical events at the time,etc.

James Chadwick (1891)

Jan 1, 1891

1) When did they live and where?James Chadwick was born in the small town of Bollington, England on October 20, 1891
2) What new information did they contribute? Discovered Rutherford's missing neutral particles.
3) How did they find this new information?Bombarded beryllium with alpha particles
4)fact:Chadwick started university in 1908, aged 17.

Louis De Broglie (1892-1987)

Jan 1, 1892

1) When did they live and where?He was born in Dieppe, France in 1892.
2) What new information did they contribute?Most of the work in Maurice’s lab involved X-rays, which made him think about the dual nature of light; more particularly the wave "particle duality." Broglie soon suggested in his thesis for a doctorate degree that matter, also, might behave in a similar manner.
3) How did they find this new information?He studied X-rays and specifically "Particle duality."
Fact:Died(94 years old)

Werner Heisenberg 1901 - 1976

Jan 1, 1901

1) When did they live and where? He lived from 1901 to 1976 in Barvaria, Germany.
2) What new information did they contribute? He invented the "uncertainty principle" to measure hte positions of electrons and other particles.
3) How did they find this new information? He saw that the act of measuring an electron's properties by hitting it with gamma rays would alter the electron's behavior, and saw you could measure the position of a particles or you could measure it's momentum.
-Professor at 22

J.J Thomson

Jan 1, 1924

1) When did they live and where?He was born in 1856 in Cheetham Hill near Manchester, England.
2) What new information did they contribute?Thomson demonstrated that cathode rays were actually some speedily moving particles.
3) How did they find this new information? After measuring their speed and specific charge, he concluded that these “corpuscles” (electrons) were about 2000 times smaller in mass as compared to the hydrogen ion, the lightest-known atomic particle.
facts:Was Knighted in 1908.

Citations

Jan 1, 2014

"A Science Odyssey: You Try It: Atom Builder." PBS. PBS, 1998. Web. 12 Oct. 2014.
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/tryit/atom/.
TUTE, AUS- E-. "A Brief History of Modern Atomic Theory." Ausetute. N.p., 2 Apr. 2014. Web. 16 Oct. 214.
"Democritus - Biography." Democritus. Google, 1997. Web. 14 Oct. 2014
TheDoc. "Albert Einstein." Famous Scientists. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Oct. 2014. (Also used for others)
"MagLab - Pioneers in Electricity and Magnetism: Robert Millikan." MagLab - Robert Millikan. N.p., n.