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The Industrial Revolution
The Industrial Revolution was a time of tremendous economic and technological advancements around the world. Hundreds of thousands of factories were built in the U.S., with millions more built around the world. New inventions and discoveries were being made every day, adding to the ever-growing advancements. -
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The American Revolution
The American Revolution, also known as the Revolutionary War, was revolt in which colonials fought to gain independence from the British. The revolution began after a series of laws limiting the colonial's rights were passed by the British. Tensions erupted into battles here and there, and escalated into full war in 1775. The war raged on until 1776, when the American colonials signed the Declaration of Independence. -
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The French Revolution
The French Revolution drastically changed the French government, taking it from feudalism under an absolute monarch to a republic state which executed the king. The revolution began with the storming of the Bastille. More than 40,000 people were executed via guillotine in the ensuing chaos, including King Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette. The revolutionaries won the rebellion, eventually establishing a republic. -
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The Haitian Revolution
The Haitian Revolution began in the French colony of Saint-Domingue with slaves fighting for freedom. There were six different groups of people fighting each other for control of the land: slaves, affranchis, working-class whites, elite whites, invading Spanish, and English troops. After years of fighting, the Haitians successfully abolished the French from their colony and created their Declaration of Independence in 1804. -
The Revolutions of 1848
The Revolutions of 1848 were a series of multiple rebellions against monarchies in Europe, most prominently in Sicily, France, Germany, Italy, and the Austrian Empire. The movement began in January 1848 in Sicily, before spreading to nearly every European country, with the exceptions of Russia, Spain, and Scandinavia. The revolutions failed to overthrow the monarchies due to a lack of allies and military power. -
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The Xinhai Revolution
The Xinhai Revolution overthrew China's last dynasty, the Qing Dynasty, making way for the Republic of China. Many of the people involved in the revolution were upset about government corruption. Thus, they were successful in overthrowing Emperor Puyi, ended over 2,000 years dynasties, and allowing the Republic of China come in to play until 1949. -
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The Russian Revolution
The Russian Revolution began as a series of protests from people in poverty begging for food. The protests became a problem, even after the execution of many people. In March 1917, Czar Nicholas II abdicated the throne. A provisional government was formed, but was largely unpopular among the people. Later, in November, Vladimir Lenin executed a coup d'etat against the government, which would lead into the Russian Civil War, which lasted until 1923. -
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The Chinese Communist Revolution
The Chinese Communist War began after Japanese invasions retreated at the end of World War II. With nobody occupying the area, the Kuomintang Party and the Communists fell into a civil war. The revolution ended in 1949 with the founding of the People's Republic of China. -
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The Cuban Revolution
The Cuban Revolution revolved around the successful overthrow of the Cuban dictator Fulgencio Batista. Batista's political opponent, Fidel Castro, began plotting as soon as Batista took power. Throughout the revolution, Batista attempted to get rid of Castro, most prominently via imprisonment, which would backfire and make Castro a hero among the Cubans. Later on, Batista and his regime realized that Castro's takeover was inevitable and fled, allowing Castro to take power. -
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The Iranian Revolution
The Iranian Revolution was the successful overthrow of Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi by the Iranian people. Many riots took place in protest of the Shah, taking front stage in December 1978 with a protest of over a million people. As soon as the Shah left the country "on vacation," the nation was taken over by the people and their new chosen leader, Ayatollah Khomeini.