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Period: 5000 BCE to 400
Infanticide
Parents routinely resolved their anxieties about
caring for children by killing them. -
3000 BCE
Ancient Egypt
Children are considered successors of their parents. -
Period: 1200 BCE to 146
Ancient Greece
Children are beginning to be valued as citizens of the future, so their incorporation into the educational world becomes important. In addition, the development of pediatrics, gynecology, etc. also begins. This era was decisive because the valuation of the child (male and upper social class) was born as a citizen, although not as present, but as future. -
Period: 753 BCE to 476
Ancient Rome
In Rome, liberal education loses relevance and there is much less attention to physical education and sports. The goal of education is to train good speakers, "beautify the soul of young people through rhetoric." -
300
Christianism
The role of fathers and mothers is reinforced, as it emphasizes their obligation, by God's command, to feed and teach their sons and daughters. Even infanticide begins to be described as murder. -
400
Middle Age
At this time the boy and girl are considered private property of fathers and mothers, in addition to this, it should be mentioned that there was a fairly discriminatory treatment towards girls and women. On the other hand, its incorporation into adult life was done without any transition to the new life model, and the infant era ended at seven years. From that age they began to work the lands, were at the service of the feudal lord. -
Period: 401 to 1300
Abandonment
Once the parents started accepting the son as the possessor of a soul, the only way to steal from dangers of his own projections was abandonment, delivering it to the mistress breeding, entering it in the monastery or convent, giving it to others adoption families, sending him to the house of other nobles as a servant or hostage; or keeping him at home in a situation of serious abandonment affective. -
1300
Renaissance
During this period you can see a greater appreciation of boys and girls, and therefore of their education. The institutionalization of the school begins, although it must be taken into account that there were different educational models, adapted to the different social classes (nobility, bourgeoisie and working class). On the other hand, it cannot be ignored that public authorities supervised, on many occasions, the begging of boys and girls. -
Period: 1301 to
Ambivalence
As the child, when allowed to enter the emotional life of the parents, remained a recipient of dangerous projections, their task was to mold it. -
Héroard
He wrote a newspaper about his childhood and youth, in which interesting ideas of the time are revealed. -
Locke
He insists on the importance of experience and habits, proposing a vision of the newborn as a blank tabula or blank board, where the experience will leave its mark. That is, the child is not born good or bad, but everything he gets to do and be will depend on his experiences. -
Liberalism (French Revolution)
It is the time of recognition of rights through various revolutions that proclaimed the need for acceptance and institutional defense of Human Rights, as was the French Revolution. These insurrections are usually accompanied by a philosophy of helping others, oriented mainly towards charity and philanthropy. Likewise, the State is ultimately considered to be responsible for guaranteeing these rights. -
Period: to
Intrusion
The boy was no longer so full of dangerous projections and instead of simply examining his guts with an enema, the parents approached him more and tried to dominate his mind in order to control his interior, his tantrums, his needs, his masturbation, your will itself. -
Émile ou de l´éducation (Jean-Jacques Rousseau)
It contains a series of basic principles on how to educate children, and it becomes a very fashionable book in French high society. Among his most influential and well-known ideas is that the child is good by nature. -
Froebel
It promotes the idea of "kindergarten" (preschool) and highlights the educational continuity between school-home community, the importance of children's play for its development and the need for interaction and contact between parents and children -
XIX Century
The children of the poorest classes had harsh living and working conditions. For this reason, the so-called "saviors of children" movements arise in different countries whose objective was the re-education of marginal children that caused problems to the society of the time. With the charity, different aid institutions are created to facilitate the living conditions of those in a situation of greater poverty. -
Period: to
Socialization
As the projections continued to decline, raising a child did not consist so much in mastering his will as in forming him, guiding him on the right path, teaching him to adapt: socializing him. -
Species Origin (Charles Darwin)
It causes a conceptual revolution in the sciences and in the conception of man. Although its influence on psychology is later, in its theory underlying key concepts, such as animal-man and child-man continuity; a naturalistic approach to human development, and a comparative psychology. -
XX Century
A new social concept of childhood appears, boys - and especially girls - are considered citizens with specific needs, so they must have a series of specific rights. It is assumed that during childhood we human beings are much more vulnerable than in adulthood, so more protection is required by the competent institutions. -
UNICEF Creation
Created to provide food and emergency medical care to children and mothers in countries that had been devastated by World War II. -
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
Although children are rarely mentioned in this text, it is still a significant document and its impact on all human beings, including children, is what makes this Declaration so important. In fact, children's rights are based on human rights. -
End of the 20th century
Boys and girls begin to contemplate themselves as a social group, with a series of internationally recognized rights, being subject to rights and not subject to them. The Convention on the Rights of the Child recognizes that they are citizens, and that among their rights is social participation. -
Period: to
Help
The method of help is based on the idea that the child knows better than the father what he needs at each stage of his life and implies the full participation of both parents in the development of the child's life, striving to empathize with him and meet your peculiar and growing needs. -
Geneva Declaration
It is the first historical text that recognizes the existence of specific rights for girls and boys, in addition to the responsibility of adults for their well-being. -
World Summit for Children
A Global Plan of Action was developed whereby countries committed themselves to the achievement of seven main goals and another 20 support goals for children. -
An appropriate world for children (UNICEF)
