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Acronyms
PC - Province of Canada
GB - Great Britain
NB - New Brunswick
$ - Money
FC - French-Canadians
Conf. - Confederation
Ppl - people
L-G - Lieutenant Governor
Gov. - Government -
Period: to
The History of BNA (1840-1867)
The time line of British North America from 1840-1867 Cools websites and videos: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TzzzLyxy7ZE
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pc3WNd5qYsw -
The Act of Union was enacted
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Joseph Howe
Joseph Howe was born in Halifax, Nova Scotia. It was his involvement with the Novascotian that got him into the political arena. Joseph Howe was one of the non-confederates, he disagreed with Charles Tupper. Joseph Howe initially proposed only an elected legislative council, but he was swift to agree with the concept of a fully representative government. His harsh comments, and his accusations of government corruption, resulted in a libel charge against him. -
The Act of Union was proclaimed
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The Province of Canada operated Responsible Government
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PEI was granted Responsible Government
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New Brunswick was granted Responsible Government
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Newfoundland was granted Responsible Government
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Charles Tupper
http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/confederation/023001-4000.80-e.html
Charles Tupper ran for office as a Conservative in Nova Scotia in 1855, winning a election in Cumberland County against Joseph Howe. He worked hard to improve the party's fortunes, gradually taking over from James William Johnston as leader. His efforts were worth it with the collapse of the Liberal government in 1857. -
George-Étienne Cartier became a co-premier of Canada East (Quebec)
B. 9/06/1814 D. 05/20/73 He became a lawyer, and soon got interested in politics in 1848 when he was chosen to be a member of the Province of Canada's Assembly. Cartier had become leader of a political party called the Parti Bleu, which joined with the Conservative Party of Upper Canada. Leader of the Conservatives, John A. Macdonald, and Cartier became co-premiers of the PC. They thought that forming a country would be the solution to solve all the problems. Cartier convinced FC to join Conf. -
Fenians
Fenians, members of a movement initiated in 1857 by Irish-Americans to secure Irish independence from Britain. Their chief, James Stephens, organized an underground movement in Ireland with the aid of funds collected by his deputy, John O'Mahony. Fenians invaded countrys to scare Britain and make they back out of Ireland. They tried to invade Nova Scotia 5 times but it all ended up in failure. -
Leonard Tilley became the premier of New Brunswick
B. 05/08/1818 D. 06/25/96 He had become a pharmacist. Tilley soon became interested in politics and fought for responsible government. In 1861, he had become the premier of NB. Tilley was a big believer in the Confederation. Mr. Tilley's persuasion skills and three other events, had convinced the ppl to join the Conf. He had become a member of Parliament for NB in the Gov. of Ottawa. Tilley was soon appointed L-G of NB, (the Queen's representative in the province). He was in the office till 1878 -
Canada West and Canada East joined the Confederation
Canada West (now called Ontario), and Canada East (now called Quebec) was in favor of Confederation. There were four main reasons why Canada West and Canada East agreed for Confederation. -
Reasons why Canada West and Canada East was in favor for Confederation (2)
Thirdly, Great Britain had helped Americans during the civil war of slavery. Although, they had helped the Americans who wanted to keep slavery, the Americans who wanted to get rid of slavery won. GB was afraid that the a victors were going to attack the British colonies, therefore if the PC were not a British colony anymore, the Americans may not want to attack the non-British colony. Lastly, lots of colonies had lost $ creating railroads. The creation of a country would get the colonies $ back -
New Brunswick joined the Confederation
New Brunswick was against the idea of Confederation. The people of NB did not like the subsidy idea. Although, three events helped convince the anti-confederates to join the Confederation. Those events were, a threat from the Fenians, poor treatment from the United States, and the British Government's persuasion. In addition, New Brunswick had a premier, Leonard Tilley, who was a big believer in the Confederation. He was a great influence for the decision of Confederation in NB. -
Reasons why Canada West and Canada East was in favor of Confederation (1)
At the time, lots of important decisions were being made and it was very difficult because the Province of Canada kept on changing governments. Canada West thought that creating a country would help this, they would get their own provincial government and get to make important decisions. In addition, Canada West had a theory that having a closer connection with other colonies would create a stronger economy. -
Nova Scotia
Nova Scotia was split into two sides. Some wanted confederation when others did not. The side that didn't want confederation thought that even if they did confederate they wouldn't get protection from the Fenians fast enough and that they would get attacked again. The side that wanted confederation thought that if they confederated they would make it in time. Thirty-six of the thirty-eight provincial seats were anti-confederates and seventeen of the eighteen federal seats were the same way.
