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Election of 1800
In the election of 1800, John Adams and Charles C. Pinckney (the Federalists) ran against Aaron Burr and Thomas Jefferson (the Democratic-Republicans. Jefferson and Burr tied at 73 votes so the decision went to the House of Representatives. On the 36th vote, Jefferson won and became president. This election is what lead to the Twelfth Amendment (the president and vice president get separate ballots). -
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History Timeline
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Marbury vs. Madison
William Marbury was a judge that was appointed by President Adams just before he left office. Because Marbury was appointed so late in Adams presidency he never got his papers and when Jefferson took office, his secretary of state, James Madison, refused to deliver them. Marbury then brought Madison to the Supreme Court and demanded that his papers be delivered. The Marbury vs. Madison case helped establish the Supreme Court's power to check the power of the other branches of government. -
Louisiana Purchase
The Louisiana territory was owned by France and Jefferson wanted to buy New Orleans for trading purposes. So, he sent Robert R. Livingston to France to Negotiate. Napoleon Bonaparte was leading France at this time. He decided to sell America all of the Lousinia territory for just $15 million! The Louisiana Purchase nearly doubled the size of the U.S. and it provided America with great new waterways. -
Non-Intercourse Act
The Non-Intercourse Act was created to replace the Embargo Act which had greatly hurt the American economy. This Act banned trade with Britain, France, and their colonies. This Act was put into place within the last 16 days of Jefferson's presidency. -
Cumberland Road
Henry Clay, a representative from Kentucky, had the idea to build the Cumberland Road. This was the first road that was built by the federal government. It stretched all the way from Cumberford Maryland to Illinois! This new road helped thousands of settlers move west and expand out. -
Rush-Bagot Agreement
There were problems between who had claim over the Great Lakes, British Canada or the U.S. Both wanted to continue fishing and keep their naves there. The Rush-Bagot Agreement settled this problem. It limited naval power on the great lakes for both countries. -
Florida
The Southern border of the U.S. and Spanish Flordia were not written in stone and there were often disputes about what was what. John Quincy Adams talked with a Spanish diplomat named Luis de Onis. While talking they discussed Americans settling in Flordia. These talks led to the Adams-Onis Treaty. -
Convention of 1818
This set a border between the U.S. and Canada at 49 degrees N latitude. The Origin County problem was also solved in this treaty. The countries would both occupy the Pacific Northwest. -
McCulloch vs. Maryland
This case reinforced the power of the national government. In the Constitution, not all the rules are written out, some are implied. The McCulloch vs. Maryland case showed the implied powers of Congress by letting Congress create a national bank. -
Adams-Onis Agreement
The Adams-Onis treaty settled al border disputes between the U.S. and Spain. (This as also known as the Flordia Purchase Treaty.) . In this agreement, the U.S. gave up its claim on present-day Texas and paid $5 million for U.S. citizens claims against Spain. In return, Spain gave us East Flordia. When this deal was made, James Moroe was the president of America. -
Missouri Compromise
When Missouri applied to be a slave state in 1819 arguments broke out. The union had a tided amount of states (11 free states, 11 slave states). Henry Clay proposed a compromise (the Missouri Compromise). This compromise said that Main would join the union as a free state, slavery would not be permitted in any newly formed states or territory north of Missouri's southern border, and Missouri would enter the union as a slave state. Congress agreed to this compromise in 1820. -
Monroe Doctrine
"The Monroe Doctrine was an exclusive statement of American policy warning European powers not to interfere with the Americas." The document has four main points: any European power's attempt to interfere with the western hemisphere would be seen as a hostile Act, America would recognize colonies that already existed in North and South America, no foreign power was to colonize in the Western Hemisphere, and the U.S. would stay out of European affairs. -
Gibbons vs. Ogden
Gibbons vs. Ogden was a Supreme Court case that helped reinforce the power of the federal government. This case brought out the rule of how Congress regulated interstate commerce and that the states can not interfere with that. -
Election of 1824
In the election of 1824, Andrew Jackson ran against John Quincy Adams. Jackson won the popular votes but he didn't win enough electoral votes to take office. The House of Representatives chose John Quincy Adams which caused Jackson supporters to claim that Adams made a "corrupt bargain" with Henry Clay. Later on, Adams chose Clay as secretary of state which didn't help Adams stop the rumors. Adam's support was weakened by all of the rumors. -
Erie Canal
The Erie Canal was a very helpful convenient way of transportation. It ran from Albany to Buffalo New York and it allowed goods and people to move between towns easily. Immigrants from Germany, Ireland, and Britan dug the Canal by hand. It was very expensive but it definitely made transportation easier.
