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Death of James I; accession of Charles I.
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Five Knights’ Case.
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Parliament meets. Petition of Right.
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England begins eleven-year period without a parliament.
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Appointment of Archbishop Laud.
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First levy of ship money.
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King wins Ship Money Case, 7 judges for, 5 against.
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Scottish National Covenant.
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First Bishops’ War.
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Short Parliament meets in April. Long Parliament meets in November.
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Uprising in Ireland, massacre of Protestants.
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Outbreak of civil war.
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Solemn League and Covenant. Scots enter war in England.
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New Model Army created.
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Charles surrenders.
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Charles captured by army. Army debates at Putney.
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Second civil war. Pride’s Purge.
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Charles tried and executed. Monarchy and House of Lords abolished. England declared a commonwealth.
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Engagement Oath required. Charles II and Scots defeated at Dunbar.
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Charles II and Scots defeated at Worcester. Charles flees to France.
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Cromwell expels the Rump Parliament. Instrument of Government drawn up. Cromwell becomes Lord Protector.
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First Protectorate Parliament.
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Penruddock’s uprising.
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Rule of Major Generals. Second Protectorate Parliament.
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Cromwell refuses crown.
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Cromwell dies. Richard Cromwell becomes Protector.
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Richard Cromwell resigns. Rump Parliament recalled. George Monck marches with army to London.
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Long Parliament recalled. Convention Parliament summoned. Charles II invited back. Monarchy restored. Trial of regicides.