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Students begin to recognize and understand numbers, preparing for future math concepts.
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Students learn that multiplication is a form of repeated addition, e.g., 3 + 3 + 3 = 9 is the same as 3 × 3 = 9.
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Students start to memorize multiplication tables (e.g., 2 × 3 = 6, 4 × 5 = 20).
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Students extend their understanding to multiplying by 2-digit numbers (e.g., 23 × 12), using algorithms and other strategies.
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Students learn how to multiply fractions by whole numbers (e.g., ⅓ × 4 = 4/3) and understand its real-life applications.
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Students multiply larger numbers (e.g., 2-digit numbers × 1-digit numbers), starting to use strategies like partial products.
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Students focus on fluently multiplying numbers up to 12 × 12, reinforcing the relationship between multiplication and division.
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Students use arrays to visualize multiplication and learn how to calculate the area of rectangles by multiplying length and width.
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Students apply multiplication to real-world scenarios, solving word problems that require multiplication to find the answer.
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Students begin using rounding and estimation strategies to quickly estimate the result of a multiplication problem.