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American-Soviet cooperation ends at the end of WW2 - 2/5
The American-Soviet cooperation ended because of ideological problems in Germany, the Korean War, the arms race, and capitalism vs communism. -
Four Powers Divide Germany - 2/5
Germany is divided into four sections. The Soviet Union got the east, the US got the south, France got the southwest, and Great Britain got the northwest. The city of Berlin also got divided into four zones. -
U.S.A announces 'Containment' - 2/5
President Truman asked for $400 million in his speech before congress to assist Turkey and Greece. To enhance pro-Western governments in those countries. The Truman Doctrine -
U.S.A announces Marshall Plan - 2/5
The Marshall Plan was a proposal that the USA would provide economic assistance to reinstitute post-war Europe and its economic infrastructure. -
Berlin Airlift - 3/5
The Soviet Union blocked off access of the Western zones of Berlin, this cut-off access was only on the ground tho. So, the USA airlifted supplies into the western zones of Berlin. -
NATO set up - 2/5
NATO was set up because the Americans were worried that Stalin would become the next Hitler in taking over the world. So America allied with other nations and created NATO - the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. NATO is an alliance with all member nations that would protect each other if a nation (who isn’t a part of NATO) attacked someone in the NATO alliance. -
Korean War - 4/5
Korea was divided along the 38th parallel, the North was given to the USSR, and the South to America in the 1950s the North invaded the South to reunify the peninsula. The Truman Doctrine encouraged the Americans to become interventionist. President Truman created the U.N. General MacArthur decided to take over the entire peninsula. As the Americans started to approach the northern border the Chinese got involved. A peace treaty was never signed.
06/25/1950 to 07/27.1953 -
U.S develops H-bomb - 2/5
The USA developed a Hydrogen Bomb, as they were trying to surpass in nuclear capabilities of the Soviet Union. -
Soviet Union Develops H-bomb - 4/5
The Soviet Union developed a H-bomb. Soviet spies were found in Canada and the US that were stealing nuclear technology secrets that would help the Soviets with their nuclear program. -
Creation of Warsaw Pact - 2/5
The Warsaw Pact was created as a counter to NATO's power. -
Hungarian Revolt: October 23 to November 11, 1956 - 2/5
A countrywide revolution that was attempted against the government. The Hungarian revolt really showed the weakness of communism in Eastern Europe. Many (thousands) were wounded and killed, and many Hungarians fled the country. -
Khrushchev calls for a 'peaceful co-existence - 1/5
When Khrushchev came into power he enacted a policy of de-Stalinization. Khrushchev announces peaceful co-existence with the West. Many people believe that Khrushchev would be able to solve the problems in the Communist Bloc. Khrushchev lets governments deal with how they see fit. Eventually, Khrushchev was put out of power. -
Vietnam War 1957 to 1975 - 4/5
Vietnam was a French colony before the Japanese took over in WW2. One would think that since The Truman Doctrine the USA would back the French, But that didn’t happen till China became communist. The USA supported the French, civil war lasted several years. Fear of the Domino Theory and support of the Truman Doctrine the USA authorized spending of billions of dollars and sent thousands of soldiers to fight in the proxy war. This is also where we see guerrilla warfare. Eventually, the USA lost -
Sputnik is launched - 4/5
The Soviet Union created Sputnik. Sputnik was a satellite that was the first satellite in space. Sputnik also carried the first missile into space. This changed the game because now the Soviet Union could send a missile that could travel to the other side of the world in just 30 minutes. -
Bay of Pigs April 17 to April 20 1961 - 3/5
Lasted 3 days. An invasion of Cuba, where 1,400 Cuban exiles tried to invade on the south coast of Cuba, and they ultimately failed. These Cuban exiles were trained and supplied with weapons from the USA, in an attempt to overthrow the government. -
Berlin Wall built - 3/5
The people were unhappy in East Germany because of their living conditions, and by 1961 up to 10,000 East Germans migrated each week, to West Germany. The Soviets weren’t happy about this and they built a wall, which seemed like overnight, around East Germany. People would try to escape but the wall was reinforced with soldiers. This wall was even sometimes built in between houses. -
the Cuban Missile Crisis - 5/5
An event that lasted 13 days and was the closest to a nuclear war the world has ever been. It started because a U2 spy plane discovered nuclear missiles in Cuba, and President John F. Kennedy, decided to quarantine Cuba, till the missiles were removed. The Soviet Union and the USA were so close to a nuclear war, but after 13 days a proposal was reached. USA would remove their missiles in Turkey and Italy, while the Soviet Union withdrew from Cuba under U.N. inspection. -
American-Soviet Hotline Established - 1/5
Was a communication line, and John F. Kennedy was the first U.S. president to have a direct phone line to the Kremlin in Moscow. -
Partial Test Ban Treaty signed - 3/5
A treaty that “prohibited nuclear weapons tests or other nuclear explosions.” (“Nuclear Test Ban Treaty”). Underground nuclear tests were allowed as “long as no radioactive debris falls outside the boundaries of the nation conducting the test.” (“Nuclear Test Ban Treaty”) This treaty was signed by the United Kingdom, the USA, and the Soviet Union. It was signed on the 5th of August 1963 and entered into force on the 10th of October 1963. -
Czech Uprising (Prague Spring) - 4/5
Brezhnev replaced Khrushchev and Brezhnev makes a return to the hardline style of Stalin, to protect his position. While in Czechoslovakia was celebrating the new freedoms that Alexander Dubcek introduced. The reforms were called the Prague Spring. Brezhnev then announced something called the Brezhnev doctrine. In August troops were sent and ultimately had to accept Soviet Dominance. This was another view that the Warsaw Pact was held together by force. -
USA votes to admit Communist China into U.N - 3/5
The USA wanted to establish relations with China but China was communist, and since President Nixon didn't want to look like they were soft on communism, so Nixon supported the organization of a ping pong tournament, which gave them an excuse to meet. This led to improved relations between China and the USA. The USA agreed to accept the communist leader of China as the legitimate government and therefore had the right to sit in the UN Security Council. -
SALT treaty - 2/5
A treaty to “reduce the number of long-range ballistic missiles” (Babbitt et al.) This treaty was signed between the Soviet Union & USA. SALT stands for Strategic Arms Limitation. SALT 1 was set to expire in October 1977. SALT 2 was signed on June 18, 1972. -
Helsinki Accords - 1/5
July 30-August 1, 1975
An agreement that was signed by 35 nations to conclude “the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe, held in Helsinki, Finland” (“Milestones in the History of U.S. Foreign Relations - Office of the Historian”) The accords “highlighted the intersection of security and human rights, which carried on a legacy through their implementation in other human rights and humanitarian agreements.” (“What Are the Helsinki Accords?”) -
Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan 1979 to 1989 - 4/5
Several government coups lead to a communist-friendly government. While the Soviets wanted to stabilize the nation-state with their sphere of influence. In 1979 the Soviet government said the government had invited them and took over Afghanistan. However the Afghan people were willing to go to war to protect their sovereignty. This civil war lasted 10 years. In the end, Gorbachev was forced to accept defeat and remove his troops. This war led to Afghanistan being under the power of the Taliban. -
Polish 'Solidarity' Uprising - 3/5
Strikes happened all through Poland. As prices would go up the governments couldn’t afford to subsidize it. People waited to see what the Soviet Union would do, but they were too busy with the Afghanistan war. Poland was then told to deal with it themselves and the Polish government gave into many demands of the strikers. -
USA StarWars research begins - 2/5
Ronald Reagan announced of groundbreaking research that “could make nuclear weapons obsolete, called the Strategic Defense Initiative, or SDI.” (“Star Wars and SDI: Defending American and the Galexy”) It looked at various methods of interceptor missiles, x-ray beams, etc. -
I.N.F Treaty signed - 2/5
Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty. A treaty between the USA and the Soviet Union. Eliminated a whole group of nuclear weapons that “threatened Europe in the 1980” (“Topic: NATO and the INF Treaty”) -
Iron Curtain collapees - 2/5
The Iron Curtain collapse is like a metaphor for the fall of the Berlin Wall. -
Berlin Wall torn down - 2/5
The fall of the Berlin wall happened really quickly. It started when an East German government official stated on TV, that they would lift some travel regulations. When an interviewer asked when this would happen, the government official mumbled quietly effective immediately. Thousands of people flooded the gates to get through, and the soldiers didn’t know what to do so they put down their weapons, and people flooded into Western Berlin. -
Germany is reunited - 1/5
Reunification of Germany, Berlin was made into the capital city of Germany. -
START - 2/5
There are two STARTs. START 1 would reduce the 2 superpowers' nuclear warheads by one-third. START 1 moved to reduce armaments, and would actually destroy some of the stockpiles.
START 1 - 1991
START 2 - 1993
stands for Strategic Arms Reduction Talks -
Soviet Union ceases to exist - 1/5
The Warsaw Pact dissolves, multiple states break away from the Soviet Bloc, and the Soviet Union breaks apart. The Soviet Union becomes Russia, and since there is no threat between the superpowers, means no cold war.