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The Causes and Consequences of WWI
Essential Question: What were the major causes and global consequences of the Great War? -
Russia and Japan go to War
Russia and Japan went to war over Manchuria and Korea. They both disagreed with who should get what parts of Manchuria. -
Trans-Siberian Railroad
Russia's Trans-Siberian Railroad. It was used to harvest natural resources, and expand trade with East Asia. -
Triple Entente
Britain joined the Triple Entente or "Allies." -
Manchuria Returned
Manchuria returned to China. -
Austria-Hungary Invades Russia
Austria-Hungary Invades Russia. -
Ottoman Empire Enters WW1
In November, the Ottoman Empire officially entered WW1. They sided with Germany and Austria-Hungary to form the Central Powers. -
Assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand
Archduke Francis Ferdinand is assassinated. -
Austria-Hungary Declares War on Serbia
Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia, which marked the start of WW1. This was there immediate response to the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand. -
Japan Declares War on Germany
Japan declared war on Germany. -
Germans Advance their Military Weapons
Germans begun using poison gas to drive men from trenches. They also start using newer weapons such as the machine gun. By 1917, planes where used to direct artillery fire on civilian targets. -
Lusitania Ship Sinks
The sinking of the British passenger ship Lusitania was an important event of WW1. It was carrying 173 tons of ammunition from New York to London. It resulted in the death of so many innocent civilians at the hands of the Germans. It was one of the main reasons Great Britain joined WW1. -
The Blockade of Germany
It was a naval operation conducted by the Allied Powers, especially Great Britain, during WWI. Its main purpose was to restrict the supply of goods to the Central Powers. -
Italy Declares War on Austria-Hungary
Italy declares war on Austria-Hungary. Italy signed the treaty of London, entering itself into WWI. -
Battle of Jutland
The Battle of Jutland was a naval battle fought between Britain's Royal Navy Grand Fleet, and Imperial Germany during the beginning of WW1. It involved 200+ ships and around 100,000 soldiers. -
Battle of Verdun
The Battle of Verdun was a very long, violent, and fatal battle in WW1. It took place on the Western Front in France. There were around 400,000 French and German casualties. -
Russia Withdraws
In the year 1917, the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk marked Russia's final withdrawal from WWI. This allowed Germany to move troops from the Eastern to the Western Front, beginning the close of the war. -
US Forces Arrive in France
Their arrival of US combat forces in France remained a secret to prevent German intervention. -
The US Declares War on Germany
President Woodrow Wilson requested for Congress to request a declaration of war on Germany. This was in part due to the deal that Germany made with Mexico. Germany promised Mexico that if they went to war with the US then, they would reward Mexico with lands in New Mexico, Texas, and Arizona. -
The US Officiality Enters WWI
The US enters WW1. Germany sank many American merchant ships which was what prompted America to participate in the war. -
US Forces Prevent Germany from Crossing the Marne River
In June 1918, US machine guns helped save the French army, and the Germans were forced to retreat and end the battle due to the losses of many of their soldiers. -
The Attack at Meuse-Argonne
Allied forces start the attack at Meuse-Argonne. This was one of the final attacks of the war. -
Wilfred Owen
Wilfred Owen was a British poet and lieutenant in the British Army. He was known for writing several poems about the war before he was killed in action in November 1918 at the age of 25. -
Wilson's 14 Points
The 14 Points was a statement of principles for peace that was to be used for peace agreements in order to end WW1. President Woodrow Wilson outlined these terms in a January 8, 1918 speech on and peace terms to the US. These were based on the principal of self-determination - the right of nations and peoples to control their own fate and to decide what form of government they will have. -
The Battle of the Somme
The Battle of the Somme was fought by the armies of the British Empire and the French against Germany. Throughout the period of two months, Germany slowly pushed the British and French forces back. It was perhaps the most violent and fatal battle of WW1. Casualties on both sides were massive. The Germans lost nearly 500,000 men while the British and French losses were slightly fewer. -
Second Battle of the Marne
The Allies counterattacked and the American army defeated German forces at Saint Mihiel in September 1918. In the month-long Battle of the Argonne Forest, the Americans joined British and French forces to defeat the Germans which forced the German army back to the border of Germany. -
Russia Signs the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
Russia signs the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk with Germany. -
Battle of Cantigny
Fought in May 28, 1918, the Battle of Cantigny was the first major American battle in World War I. The purpose of the attack was to reduce a battlefield feature (boundary) made by the German Army. -
Bulgaria Surrenders
Bulgarian troops in the Balkans where overwhelmed by the Serbian, Italian, Greek, French, and British forces. Bulgaria then surrendered out of hopelessness. -
Turkey Surrenders
On October 30, the Turks surrendered. At the same time, Austria-Hungary, was being destroyed due to the collapse of its army, so they also asked for peace. -
Kaiser Wilhelm Abdicated
The Kaiser abdicated and then fled to the Netherlands. -
Germany Signs Armistice
Germany signed an armistice agreement with their Allies on November 11, 1918. Germany and its allies were exhausted, so their government approached the US with a request for an armistice, hoping it would be based on the "Fourteen Points." -
War Ended
At 11:00 AM on November 11, the “war to end all wars” was finally over. -
The Treaty of Versailles
Treaty of Versailles was part of the several peace treaties to end WW1. The Treaty marked the end of the war between Germany and the Allied Powers. It forced Germany to accept full blame, pay lots of money, restrict their Military, and lose thousands of square miles of territory to Belgium.
