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The Solid Sphere or “Billiard Ball” Model
The Solid Sphere or "Billiard Ball" Model was made by John Dalton to help see that a compound is made of the same atoms. To do this, he purposely put holes in wooden balls to connect them together to make a compound. -
Marie Curie
Marie Curie figured out that radioactivity doesn't depend on how the atoms are arranged into molecules, but the origins of the atoms themselves. After her important discovery, she won a Nobel Prize. -
J. J. Thomson and the "Plum Pudding" Model
J. J. Thomson knew that if there was a overall neutral charge, there had to be positive charge too, so he proposed that the atoms were made like negative particles swimming around in a "sea" of positive charge. This model is mostly called the plum pudding model, because it’s described similar to the popular English dessert, plum pudding. -
Robert Millikan
Robert Millikan studied atoms by using a spray bottle to spray oil or water into a container and see the results. He figured out that each droplet is always 1.59 x 10-19. -
Ernest Rutherford
Ernest Rutherford made a model where he took a thin sheet of gold and fired alpha particles through it. He predicted that they would all go through the gold because of the plum pudding model, but a small percent of the particles deflected more than 90 degrees from their original path. -
Solar System Model
Niels Bohr and Ernest Rutherford made the Solar System model to explain the structure of the Rydberg formula. It was named the Solar System Model because the electrons orbiting the nucleus like how planets orbit the sun -
Niels Bohr
Niels Bohr discovered that electrons have a specific orbit around the nucleus, because if they didn’t they would lose energy and fly into the nucleus. Because of this, he figured out that electrons have a specific orbit, so they all have the same energy. -
Robert Millikan
Robert Millikan studied atoms by using a spray bottle to spray oil or
water into a container and see the results. He figured out that each droplet is always 1.59 x
10-19. -
The Electron Cloud Model
The Electron Cloud Model was created by Erwin Schrödinger and Werner Heisenberg. It was made to help to figure out where the electrons most likely are in an atom. -
Hertha Psoner
Hertha Psoner had 20 scientific papers in journals of all different physic things, journals of Zeitschrift für Physik, Nature and Physical Review, and she became an Associate Professor of Physics. -
Samuel P. Massie
Samuel P. Massie worked as an assistant to Giliman at Ames Laboratory. Samuel researched, focusing on converting uranium to unstable liquid compounds for the bomb. -
Lise Meitner
Lise Meitner was overlooked by Otto Hahn for the discovery of the nuclear fission, even though Otto had helped with that discovery and was the first to give the first theoretical explanation of the fission process. -
Chien-Shiung
Wu worked at Columbia and started figuring out beta decay, which happens
when the nucleus of one element changes to another. After her discoveries, she worked
with two theoretical physicists, Tsung Dao Lee and Chen Ning Yang. They worked together
to prove that identical nuclear particles don’t always act alike. This got Lee and Yang a Nobel Prize, but Wu’s work was not acknowledged. -
James Harris
James Harris, a renewed scientist of the Manhattan project, Albert Ghiorso, and the men at Lawrence Radiation Lab tried to see if they could discover new elements by bombarding certain atomic objects with elements in an accelerator. This would get the people to identify new elements at the atomic level. Because of this, they discovered the elements Rutherfordium (discovered in 1969), and Dubnium (discovered in 1970).
