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10,000 BCE
10000 BCE
Proto-Indians live at the Gault site. -
1500 BCE
1500 BC
Coastal American Indians make knives and scrapers from stone. -
100
American Indians
American Indians living near Galveston Bay begin making pottery. -
Nov 15, 1000
Caddo
The Caddos grow many kinds of crops in East Texas -
Nov 15, 1519
Alonso Alvarezde de Pineda
Alonso Alvarez de Pineda maps the Texas coast -
Nov 15, 1528
Europeans Encounter the Karankawas
Europeans arrive in Texas and encounter the Karankawas -
Nov 15, 1541
Francisco Vasquez de Coronado
Explorer Francisco Vasquez de Coronado crosses the Texas Panhandle. -
Nov 15, 1554
Treasure Fleet Shipwrecks
A Spanish treasure fleet shipwrecks off of present-day Padre Island -
Nov 15, 1581
Hernan Gallegos
Spaniard Hernan Gallegos writes about the lives of the Jumano Indians in Texas. -
Longest River
The Rio Grande, which Begins in Colorado and flows along the Texas- Mexico border, runs 1,896 miles -
Juan de Onate
Juan de Oñate crosses the Texas Panhandle on his way to Quivira. -
Spaniard First seeing Apache
Spaniards first record seeing Apache Indians riding horses -
French explore Matagorda
A group of colonists led by French explorer Rene-Robert Cavelier Sieur de La Salle lands in Matagorda Bay in Texas -
Building mission
The Spanish build a mission named San Francisco de los Tejas. -
Martin de Alarcon
Martin de Alarcon establishes the San Antonio de Valero mission. -
Settlers arrive in San Antonio
Settlers from the canary Islands arrive in San Antonio. -
Rancher Tomas Sanchez
Rancher Tomas Sanchez establishes the town of Laredo. -
Marques de Rubi
The Marques de Rubi expedition begins. -
Antonio Gil Ybarbo
Antonio Gil Ybarbo founds the town of Nacogdoches in East Texas -
Juan Agustin Morfi
Spanish priest Juan Agustin Morfi, author of the History of Texas, 1673-1779, dies -
Philip Nolan
Philip Nolan, a U.S. citizen, receives permission to capture wild horses in Texas. -
Philip Nolan
Philip Nolan, a U.S. citizen, receives permission to capture wild horses in Texas. -
James Long invades Texas
U.S. citizen James Long and a small force invade Texas, only to be defeated by Spanish forces. -
Mexico Wins Independence
Mexico, which includes Texas, wins it independence from Spain. -
Granting Moses Austin
The Spanish government grants Moses Austin permission to found a colony in Texas -
Settler Jared Groce
Settler Jared Groce plants a cotton crop, possibly the first in Stephen f. Austin's colony. -
Anglo settlers
about 3,000 Anglo settlers live in Texas without the permission of the Mexican government -
Martin de Leon
Empresario Martin de Leon settlers families of the lower Guadalupe River -
Mexican Officials Adopt Constitiution
Mexican officials adopt the Constitution of 1824. Coahuila and Texas are merged to form one state. -
Fredonian Rebellion Begins
The Fredonian Rebellion begins when Haden Edwards declares independence from Mexico. -
Stephen F. Ausitin
Stephen F. Austin Receives a contract to settle an additional 100 families in Texas. -
General Manuel de Mier y Teran
General Manuel de Mier y Teran begins a tour of Texas for the Mexican government -
Texas Gazette
The Texas Gazette newspaper begins publication in Austin's colony -
Thomas J. Pilgrim
Thomas J. Pilgrim organizes a Sunday school and private boys' school in San Felipe. -
President Guerrero
President Guerrero issues a decree ending slavery in Mexico, but an exemption is made for Texas. -
Mexico issues with laws
On April 6 Mexico issues a law that changes rules on immigration and trade in Texas. -
Town of Gonzales receives cannon from Mexico
The town of Gonzales receives a cannon from the Mexican government to defend citizens against American Indian attacks. -
Marry Austin letters.
Marry Austin Holley's letters, describing life in early Texas, are published. -
Texas Farmers Export
Texas farmers export some 7,000 bales of cotton, worth about $310,000, to New Orleans. -
Stephen F. Austin Arrests Saltillo
Stephen F. Austin is Arrested in Saltillo. -
Texas settlers attack Mexican
Texas settlers attack Mexican soldiers at Gonzales, forcing them to leave. -
Texas settlers give 3,500 land grants
Texas settlers hold about 3,500 land grants. -
Immigrants enter Texas
An estimated 1,000 U.S. immigrants enter Texas each month. -
Texas Becomes Concerned
Texans become concerned when the Mexican government officially abolishes the Constitution of 1824. -
Texas troops push Mexican away from San Antonio.
Texas troops push Mexican troops out of San Antonio, capturing the city. -
The Siege
The Siege of the Alamo begins. -
The Texas Declatation
The Texas Declaration of Independence is adopted. -
Texans Wins
Texans win the Battle of San Jacinto, ending the Texas Revolution. -
First official Texas flag Adopted
The first official Texas flag is adopted by the Texas Congress. -
Sam Houston becomes the popularly elected president
Sam Houston becomes the first popularly elected president of the Republic of Texas -
Texas Government begins work in Houston
The Texas government begins work in Houston, the new capital -
The U.S. Congress
The U.S. Congress authorizes a diplomat to go to Texas. -
Texans elect Mirabeau B.
Texans elect Mirabeau B. Lamar president. -
Velasco citizens
Velasco citizens hold a horse race on the coast near the town. -
William H. Wharton is Elected
William H. Wharton is elected to the Texas Senate -
Texas passes a homestead law.
Texas passes a homestead law, protecting settlers' homes from being seized to pay debts. -
France Becomes first European
France becomes the first European nation to recognize Texas as an independent country. -
Highest Point
Guadalupe Peak is the highest point in the state at 8,749 feet above sea level. -
Austin the New Capital.
Austin, the new capital, has 850 residents. -
The First College
The first college charted by the Republic, Rutersville College, is founded. -
Galveston University opens
Galveston University opens its doors to five students. -
Sam Houston president republic.
Texans again elect Sam Houston president of the republic. -
William Kennedy
William Kennedy publishes Texas: The Rise, Progress, and Prospects of the Republic of Texas. -
President Mirabeau B. Lamar
President Mirabeau B. Lamar sends the Texas Navy to the Yucatan coast. -
Snider de Pellegrini
Snider de pellegrini, director of a French colonization company, brings 14 settlers to Texas. -
Tehuacana Creek Council
The Tehuacana Creek Councils lead to peace between Texans and several Texas Indian groups. -
President Sam Houston
President Sam Houston sends troops into East Texas to end the Regulator-moderator War. -
Prince Carl
Prince Carl of Solms-Braunfels comes to Texas followed by a group of German immigrants. -
Anson Jones Been elected for President
Texans elect Anson Jones president of the Republic -
African living in Texas
At least 30,000 enslaved African Americans live in Texas -
United States, Texas
The United States annexes Texas. -
Thomas J. Rusk
Thomas J. Rusk and Sam Houston become the first Texans to serve in the U.S. Senate. -
Fighting Breaks out Between U.S.
Fighting breaks out between U.S. forces and Mexican troops at Pal Alto and Resaca de la Palma. -
Texas signs a peace treaty
Texas signs a peace treaty with the Penateka Comanches -
George T. Wood
George T. Wood is elected governor of Texas. -
Samuel H. walker Death
Samuel H. Walker dies in combat during a conflict in Mexico. -
A State Census
A state census reports the states's population at more than 142,00 -
POP.
the Texas population reaches 200,000 -
Melinda Rankin
In her book Texas in 1850, Melinda Rankin describes the state and urges people to move to Texas -
Port Isabel Lighhouse
Work begins on the Port Isabel Lighthouse. When completed. Its light could be see from 16 miles away. -
U.S. Army Troops leaves Fort Worth
U.S. Army troops abandon Fort Worth after settlers move farther west beyond the fort -
1853
After many false starts, track in finally laid for the Buffalo Bayou, Brazos, and Colorado Railway -
American Know-Nothing
The American, or Know-Nothing, Party becomes active in Texas. -
Governor's Mansion built in Austin
The Governor's Mansion is built in Austin. -
1856
Slaves in Colorado county acquire weapons and plan a rebellion, but the plot is discovered before in can begin. -
1858
The Butterfield Overland Mail begins taking passengers and mail by stagecoach from Missouri, through Texas, and on the California -
Sam Houston defeats Hardin Runnels
Sam Houston easily defeats incumbent Hardin Runnels in the election for Teas Governor -
A series of clashes occurs.
A series of clashes occurs between Texas Rangers and Mexican Americans near Brownsvillle. -
1859
Texas produces a record crop of more than 400,000 bales of cotton. -
1861
The Texas Frontier Regiment is established. -
1863
The Texas cattle population increases rapidly during the Civil War. -
1864
Colonel Christopher "Kit" Carson leads an attack against Plains Indians in the Panhandle. -
1865
The Emancipation Proclamation goes into effect in Texas, freeing the Texas, freeing the states's slaves -
1868
African American George T. Ruby is elected as a delegate to the Republican National Convention. -
1868
Fort Richardson is established near Jacksboro. -
1869
Republican Edmund J. Davis is elected -
1869
Texas cowboys move a herd of 15,000 cattle to market. It is the larges single herd of the era. -
1870
Texas has 583 miles of rail lines -
1871
A public school system is created in Texas. -
Wettest Place
In 1873 Clarksville received 109.4 inches of rain. -
1873
Ranchers begins to ship thousands of cattle from Denison after the Missouri-Kansas-Texas Railroad extends a line there. -
1874
The Democratic Party regains full control of state government -
1874
Plains Indians attack a group of Buffalo hunter in the Battle of Adobe Walls. -
1875
Comanche leader Quanah Parker surrenders, ending the Red River War. -
1876
Texas adopts a new constitution. -
1876
About 2,700 animal die during a cattle stampede near the Brazos River -
1876
About 2,700 animal die during a cattle stampede near the Brazos River -
1876
The Texas Legislature passes a law that allows the state to fund railroads with land grants. -
1876
Texas A&M University opens as an all-male military Institution -
1879
Apache leader Victorio launches rids along the Texas Mexico border. -
1881
The Texas and pacific railway meets the Southern Pacific line near El Paso, forming the first transcontinental railroad route through Texas. -
1882
A ranch in the Panhandle purchases enough barbed wire to fence 250,000 acres. -
1883
The University of Texas formally opens. -
1886
the Knights of Labor begin in major strike against a Gould's Railroad Company -
1889
There are more than 8,000 miles of railroad tracks in Texas -
1889
the Texas legislature passes a Antitrust Act of 1889 -
1890
Texas normal normal college and teacher training institute, now called the University of North Texas, open in Denton. -
1891
The Texas Railroad Commission is established to regulate railroads in Texas. -
1892
A leading Association of farmers endorses the populist party. -
1894
Drillers strike oil and Corsicana. -
1900
Texas has more than 350,000 farms and also almost are tenant farmers. -
1900
a hurricane hit Galveston killing some 6000 to 8000 people. -
1901
The Spindletop well strike oil producing more than 17 million barrels of oil the next year. -
1905
A large oils drink is made in Humble oil field in Harris country. -
1905
Oil is discovered at Goose Creek along Galveston Bay. -
1911
Jovita Idar becomes the first president of the league of Mexican women. -
1914
The Houston Ship Channel opens in Houston to McKenzie important oil refining Center -
1918
Texas ratifies the eighteenth Amendment to the US Constitution which bans the sale or manufacture of alcohol. -
1919
An application is filled film to drill for oil on state land in West Texas. Several years later the Santa Rita No. 1 stroke oil. -
Coldest spot
the lowest recorded temperature in Texas was a chilly -23f, occurring in 1899 at Tulia and in 1933 at seminole. -
Hottest Spot
The highest recorded temperature in Texas was blistering 120f, occurring in 1936 at seymour and in 1994 at Monahans. -
Driest Place
Wink received just 1.76 inches of rain in 1995 -
Texas Timber
The Texas timber industry earned more than $1.9 billion in 2007 -
Sales of Texas
Sales of Texas livestock totaled more than $10.8 billion in 2007 -
Cotton Worth
In 2011 the value of Texas cotton production reached over $1.5 billion. -
billions
in 2012 Texas produced about 730 million barrels of crude oil worth some $55 billion. -
Texas bilions
Texas has an estimated 23 billion tons of lignite, a type of coal. -
Texas Export
Texas exports of computers and electronics were worth more than $45 billion in 2012 -
Ogallala Aquifer
the Ogallala Aquifer is the largest underground water source in Texas. -
Texas 244,700
In 2012 there were more than 244,700 farms in Texas -
Texas 6 million
more than 6 million acres of Texas land are irrigate. -
Texas Agriculture
Agriculture added some $36 billion to the Texas economy in 2012 -
largest lake in texas
Caddo Lake is the largest natural lake in Texas, covering more than 39 square miles (half of which are in Louisiana). -
Toledo Bend
Toledo Bend reservoir on the Sabine river holds more than 5.5 billion cubic meters of water. -
What Texas Contains
Texas contains more than 60 million acres of forests and woodlands. -
Many acres
with 800,000 acres of land, Big Bend National Park is the largest national park in Texas. -
Rancher Tomas Sanchez
Rancher Tomas Sanchez establishes the town of Laredo -
American Indian Attack
An American Indian attack on the Green DeWitt colony forces settlers to flee Gonzales. -
Discrimination and Attacks
Repeated attacks and discrimination force more than 100 Tejano families flee Nacogdoches. -
General Adrian Woll
General Adrian Woll and about 1,400 Mexican soldiers capture San Antionio