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Supreme Court is created
It's created by the Judiciary Law of 1789, with a Chief and 9 associates of Justices. This court is over the federal and state's courts of the country. -
Supreme Court 1st Chief (1789-1795)
Was appointed by Washington, John Jay a former president of the Continental Congress. -
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Supreme Court Milestones
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John Marshall is elected Supreme Court's Chief
Was set in the charge by President Jonh Adams. Was cousin of President Thomas Jefferson. Marshall represented the only and last power that the Federalists held. He was chief until July 6, 1835. -
Marbury v. Madison
Was Marshall's first case. In this case Marbury, a Federalist, sued the Secretary of State, James Madison, because he refused to gave him the appointment that the ex-President Adams had scheduled with him. However, the Judiciary Act of 1789 gave Marbury the right to the appointment, but the law in itself was unconstitutional. Because of the nature of this event, Marshall establish the doctrine of Judicial Review. -
Fletcher v. Peck
Fletcher bought land in Georgio from Peck. But the land that Peck sold him came from an unconstitutional law. However, Marshall could not invalidated the contract, but the state law. -
Martin v. Hunter's Lessee
In this case, the Supreme Court established the principle that it had jurisdiction over the states courts in cases involving constitutional rights. -
Dartmouth College v. Woodward
The New Hampshire governor wanted the Dartmouth College to become public. In this case the Supreme Court struck down the state law as inconstitutional, arguing that a contract for a private cororation could not be altered by the state. -
McCulloch v. Maryland
The federal government had established a bank. Maryland wanted to tax it. Marshall claimed that a state has no right to tax a federal intitution because federal laws have supremacy over state laws. -
Cohens v. Virginia
The Distric of Colummbia authorized the sales of lottery tickets. The Cohens brothers sold them in Virginia (not the place that authorizes the tickets). Supreme Court once more said that state laws are under federal laws. -
Gibbons v. Ogden
New York state decided to give licenses to drive steamboats on the waters of the state. Gibbons who had a license granted by the United States Congress, was denied to drove into New York. After this event, Marshall established that the New York law was unvalid and that the federal government was in control of interstate commerce. -
Cherokee Nation v Georgia
The state of Georgia passed a series of laws in 1828 revoking the rights of the Cherokee population. John Ross, a cherokee leader, tried to negotiated with president Jackson, but when he refuses to listen, he brought the case to the Supreme Court. Even when the Court sympathazises with the Indias, it claimed that it could do nothing about the issue because the Court was only meant to hear "foreing countries' " issues, not Indians'. The Court fail for Georgia. -
Worcester v. Georgia
The misioner Austin Worcester who lived among the Cherokees was convicted by the State of Georgia because he showed supported the Cherokees. He sued the state arguing that it has no right to convit him. The court suppodrted Worcester because since the Cherokee territory was an Independent Nation all the issues of its nature were international affairs and only the U.S. Government has the right to deal with that. However, the jurisdiction was not enforced and Worcester remained prissoner until1833 -
Commonwealth v. Hunt
Massachusetts Supreme Court decided taht "paceful unions," refering to organized labor, had the right to negotiate labor contracts with emploers and strike. -
Dred Scott v. Sanford
Dred Scoot was a slave who lived for several years in a free state, therefore he asked to his mistress the right to buy his freedom. When she neglected it, he brought the case to the federal court which favor Scott. Later on, Mrs. Sanford left the issue to her brother, who sued Scoot in the Supreme Court. The court favored Mr. Sanford. Scott tried to sued him again, but the Congress said it was not possible since he was not an U.S. citizen. This conflict seemded to reasure the slavery power -
Golan et al v. Holder et al
Teachers and educators among others, are arguing against the copyright law implemented since 1994, which restrict them from the use of music pices that used to be of public domain such as Stravinsky, Prokofiev and Shostakovich.
