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Creation of the Supreme Court
The Supreme Court was Created in Article III of the Constitution of the United States of America. It is the highest judicial court in the USA. -
John Jay
John Jay was appointed as Chief of Justice in 1789. On of his actions was to sign the Judiciary Act of 1789. His main activities though were to establish rules, reading of commisions and presiding cases in the circuit courts. He also established the independence of the Supreme Court. -
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John Jay
John Jay serving as Chief of Justice. -
John Marshall
John Marshall served as the Chief of Justice under six Presidents. He participated in 1000 decisions and wrote about 500 by himself. Marshall Helped to establish that the Court is the final authority on the meaning of the Constitution in cases that must be decided bt a federal court. -
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John Marshall
John MArshall serving as Chief of Justice. -
Marbury vs. Madison
It is the first major case for the Supreme Court. It is about that Thomas Jefferson wanted to block federalist appointments made at the last minute. Therefor he ordered James Madison not to deliver the commision to the federalist judges which Adams had appointed in his last days of Presidency. The Suoreme Court ruled that MArbury had the right to his provision according to the Judiciary act. Marshall however ruled that this act was unconstitutional, so Marbury could not be given his commision. -
Flectcher vs. Peck
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Dartmouth College vs. Woodward
This case deals with the application of the contract clause of the United States Constitution to private corporations. It all started as the President of Dartmouth college was deposed by its trustees. That leads to New Hampshire attempting to force the college to get public. It was ruled that Dartmouth College will still be private because it was founded before the state New Hampshire. -
McCulloch vs. Maryland
Here the state of Maryland tried to collect a tax from the Second Bank of the United States. But a state cannot tax a federal Institution because federal lawas are over state laws. Two major questions in McCulloch vs. Maryland were "Does the Congress have the power to create a bank?" and "CAn a state place a tax on a federal bank?". -
Gibbons vs. Ogden
Here the New York State law gave two individuals the execlusive rights to operate with steamboats inside the state. Since laws were duplicated elwhere this led to that other states would take fees for foreign steamboats which want to get navigation privileges. The Court found that this was unconsistent. Marshall concluded that regulation like this was a power reserved and exercised by Congress. -
Cherokee Nation vs. Georgia
Cherokee Nation v. Georgia dealth with all Georgia laws that extended over Cherokee lands which violated the U.S. constitution. -
Worcester vs. Georgia
In this case Samuel A. Worcester went to the Supreme Court to gain the right to reside on Cherokee land in Georgia. THe Court ruled that the Cherokee are a distinct nation so the Georgia state law could not be enforced. This ruling results in that Georgia begins distributing Cherokee land to whites. -
Commonwealth vs. Hunt
Commonwealtyh v. Hunt was a legal landmark decision issued by the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court. The ruling of Lemuel Shaw was that unions were allowed to organize a strike. THis allowed the existance of trade unions. -
Dred Scott v. Sandfort
In this case the African American Dred Scott was living in a free state for a long time. So he though he would be free and he returned to a slave state. The court ruled that a slave would be free upon his residence and his return to a slave state. It rules that the Missouri compromise was not constitutional since a state could not deprive people of their property without a law. -
Douglas vs. Independent Living Center of Southern Califormia
