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Joseph Stalin
President of the Council of Ministers of the USSR from May 6th 1941 until his death on March 5, 1953.After Lenin died Stalin decided to promote himself as the heir to Lenin and didn't let anything come in the way of him gainng all power.Stalin became the dictator of the Soviet Union, and was known as one of the most murderous leaders ever.Stalin was appointed Secretary General of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of All Russia, a position he later became the most powerful country. -
Harry S,Truman
President From 1945 to 1953; Democrat.
Great time of economic prosperity of the United States,
The large stores begin to proliferate in the United States.Consumerism becomes a fundamental part of the lifestyle and the U.S. economy.Marshall Plan is implemented by President Truman for the economic reconstruction of Europe before communism.With his administration begins the persecution of Communism or "witch hunt".Truman gives military support to anti-communism countries and the CIA is created. -
UN
The United Nations (UN) is an international organization consisting of 192 independent countries. These freely together to work together for peace and security of peoples, and to fight poverty and injustice in the world. -
Iron Curtain
The Iron Curtain was a term used by Sir Winston Churchill to refer to the border, not only physical but ideological, separating countries after World War II, had been under military, political and economic influence of the Soviet Union Western countries ruled by capitalist democracies. -
Truman Doctrine
The Truman Doctrine stated that the United States could provide support for "free people who are resisting attempted domination by armed minorities or by outside pressures" these Govier anticomunista.El trend of being President Harry S. Truman made the proclamation of this doctrine in his testimony before Congress on March 12, 1947. The doctrine specifically promulgated with the aim of providing support to governments that resisted against communism. -
Marshall Plan
It is an European reconstruction program, announced in 1947 by the U.S. Secretary of and approved the plan in 1948 to try to orient European economies. Carrying out the plan, the Soviets did not accept the offer and forced to reject its satellites, thinking it was a form of imperialism. -
CIA
The CIA is in conjunction with the National Security Agency, the government agency of the United States responsible for the collection, analysis and use of "intelligence" through espionage abroad, whether governments, corporations or individuals that may affect the safety national of the country. -
Berlin Bloquade
After the occupation of German territory after the end of World War II and in retaliation for Western efforts to rebuild the German economy. Stalin closed the roads for access to West Berlin, making it infeasible to arrival of materials and other supplies to the city made, known as the Berlin Blockade, precipitated a major crisis in the early Cold War. (They were wrapped the Red Army soldiers and the German Democratic Republic) -
COMECON
The Council for Mutual Economic Assistance was an organization of economic cooperation formed around the Soviet Union for the countries of real socialism and whose objectives were the promotion of trade relations among member states. With the idea developed to counteract the U.S. Marshall Plan. Existed between January 1949 and April 1991. -
NATO
North Atlantic Treaty Organizationin Washington formed in 1949, initially conformed; United States, Canada, Belgium, France, Denmark, Portugal, Iceland, Luxembourg, Italy, the Netherlands and Noruega.Sus objectives was the defenses of democratic freedoms, this means that there was a close political and economic cooperation among member countries. -
the Korean War
It was a war between South Korea, supported by the U.S. and UN against North Korea, supported by China, with the help of Soviet Union.The Korean War was a military conflict between North Korea and South Korea that took place between June 25, 1950 and July 17, 1953. Both belligerents were supported by foreign powers related to their ideology: Communist and capitalist respectively. They were once considered the United States and the Soviet Union of a direct military confrontation between the two. -
Soviet Satellite Nations
Satellite Sates was initially used by the capitalist press to refer to the countries of the Warsaw Pact and its close relationship with the Soviet Union during the Cold War. Other socialist states, such as North Korea (particularly in the post-Korean War decades) or Cuba (especially after joining the CAME) were also listed at the time as "Soviet satellites".(Poland and Hungary too) -
Dwight D. Eisenhower
General, President from 1953 to 1961; Republican
President Eisenhower Sponsored and Signed the Civil Rights Bill of 1957.He Sponsored and Signed the Federal Aid Highway Act of 1956. He Ended the Korean War.He has to deal with Fidel Castro when Fidel proclaims the Cuban Revolution and nationalizes U.S. goods.Eisenhower runs Operation Mongoose against the Cuban regime.Pre -Recruiting for the military operation "the Bay of Pigs Invasion" -
Nikita Khrushchev
After the death of Stalin, Khrushchev gained power. He led the Soviet Union during the Cold War. He was partially known for is backing up of the early Soviet space program.His domestic policies aimed at improving the lives of ordinary citizens were not entirely effective, especially in the area of agriculture. Hoping to have missiles for national defense, Khrushchev ordered major cuts in conventional forces. the government saw the most tense years of the Cold War and the Missile Cuban Crisis. -
Warsaw Pact
The Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Mutual Assistance, commonly known as the Warsaw Pact by the city in which it was signed, was a military cooperation agreement signed in 1955 by the countries of the Eastern Bloc. Designed under the leadership of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), the stated purpose was to counter the threat of Treaty Organization (NATO), and especially the rearmament of West Germany. -
Suez Crisis
Nasser decided to nationalize the Suez Canal, one of the most important routes of maritime traffic in the world, controlled by French and British. In response, Britain and France, aided by Israel militarily occupied the area. But the Soviet support of Egypt, threatening to intervene in the conflict led to U.S. recommending its allies withdraw from the zone. -
Space Race
Competition between the U.S. and the Soviet Union that lasted roughly from 1957 to 1975. Assumed parallel effort between the two countries to explore outer space with artificial satellites, to send humans into space and pose a human being on the moon. -
John F. Kennedy
President from 1961 to 1963; Democrat.
He directs the attack of the Bay of Pigs in Cuba. It was the failure of 1,500 anti-armed by the CIA.Kennedy intervenes militarily in South American countries.he has to deal with the Missile Cuban Crisis, the nearest conflict to a nuclear war between USSR and USA.President John F. Kennedy was assassinated in Dealey Plaza in Dallas, Texas. -
U-2 incident
U-2 incident where a spy aircraft was detected and resulted in Soviet airspace, Eisenhower responsible for such act of espionage was made, so they returned to turn the minds of rivalry between the two superpowers. -
Berlin Wall
Soldiers of the Democratic Republic built fortifications which soon transformed into a concrete wall 47 miles long by 4 feet high surrounding the western part of Berlin, the German capital. Supposedly it was built by defensa.Durante thirty years several people died trying to escape.It became a symbol of the Cold War.(West and East Germany involded) -
NAM
Some countries, especially in Asia and Africa are not lined up on either side and partially stayed away from the Cold War. Such was the case of some of the Arab countries as was the case in Egypt and Algeria, and India in Asia, who remained more or less cordial relations with both powers. These countries were called "not aligned" movement and led the Third Countries world.This disappeared with the fall of communism.In the present,different countries held this NAM. -
Détente
During the 1960s and 1970s, the superpowers (U.S. and USSR) had to manage a new model of geopolitics, in which the world was no longer clearly divided into two blocks antagónicos.Europa and Japan rapidly recovered from the destruction of World War II and its per capita income approaching the United States. Meanwhile, the economy of the Eastern Bloc entered a cycle of economic stagnation. -
Cuban Missile Crisis
Conflict between the United States, the Soviet Union and Cuba in October 1962, generated following the discovery by U.S. bases Soviet nuclear missiles on Cuban territory. -
Lyndon B. Johnson
President from 1963 to 1969; Democrat.
He was the president who sent American troops to fight in the Vietnam War.In USA, several race riots occur in various cities for the rights of the black population, the civil rights movement begins.Phoenix Operation is executed. CIA leaders executed Viet Cong in South Vietnam.The Tet Offensive and My La Slaughter increases social opposition to the Vietnam War.Johnson signed the Treaty on the Nonproliferation of Nuclear Weapons. -
Leonid Brezhnev
His attempt to govern without significant economic reforms led to a national decline in the mid-1970s, a period known as'' the era of stagnation.'' The significant increase in military spending and an increasingly ineffective leadership set the stage for a declining GDP compared with Western nations. At the head of the USSR, Brezhnev promoted detente between the countries of East and West. -
The Vietnam War
The Vietnam war was a military conflict that pitted South Vietnam, supported by the United States against North Vietnam, supported by the Soviet Union, in the general context of the Cold War. After the end of the conflict, with the armistice between North and South, the Vietnam War was marked in history as the first military defeat of the United States. -
Six-Day War
War that pitted Israel and an Arab coalition of Egypt, Jordan, Iraq and Syria. After the Egyptian demands to the UN to withdraw almost immediately their interposition forces in Sinai (UNEF), the deployment of Egyptian forces on the border and blockade of the Straits of Tiran, Israel, fearing an imminent attack, launched a preemptive strike against the Egyptian air force. -
Prague Spring
The Prague Spring was a period of political liberalization in Czechoslovakia, which lasted from January 5, 1968 until August 20 of that year, when the country was invaded by the Soviet Union and its Warsaw Pact allies. -
NPT
Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty was a Treaty restricting the possession of nuclear weapons.It is open for signature on July 1, 1968 treaty restricting the possession of nuclear weapons. The vast majority of sovereign states party to the treaty. Only five states in the treaty allowed the possession of nuclear weapons: the United States, the United Kingdom, France, the Soviet Union (now replaced by Russia), and the People's Republic of China. -
Brezhnev Doctrine
The Brezhnev Doctrine was a Soviet policy doctrine, introduced by Leonid Brezhnev in 1968, which stated:
This effectively meant that no country was allowed to leave the Warsaw Pact, and the doctrine was used to justify the invasion of Czechoslovakia in 1968 and Afghanistan in 1979, although he was not a member of the Warsaw Pact. The Brezhnev Doctrine was replaced by the Sinatra Doctrine in 1988. -
Richard Nixon
President from 1969 to 1974; Republican.
Nixon withdrew U.S. troops from South Vietnam because of social pressure.He also signed the SALT Treaty on Strategic Arms Limitation with the Soviet Union.Nixon enforces the ABM Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Ballistic Missiles.He was part of the Watergate scandal of the building, with CIA agents involved in political espionage.A Process creates challenge against President Nixon. Nixon decides to resign over the Watergate scandal. -
SALT I
The ABM Treaty or ABM Treaty was an agreement between the United States and the Soviet Union to limit the number of Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) used to defend certain points against missiles with nuclear charge. The May 26, 1972 U.S. President Richard Nixon and Secretary General of the Central Committee of the Communist Party, Leonid Brezhnev signed the treaty, which was in force for 30 years until 2002. -
Doctrine of national security
Doctrine of national security is a concept used to define certain actions of U.S. foreign policy designed to ensure that the armed forces of Latin American countries to change their mission to devote exclusively to ensure domestic order, in order to combat these ideologies, organizations or movements within each country may favor or support communism in the context of the Cold War. -
Yom Kippur War
Large-scale armed confrontation between Israel and the Arab countries of Egypt and Syria in the so-called Arab-Israeli conflict. -
Oil Crisis
The Arab-Israeli war of 1973 resulted in a doubling of oil prices triggered a deep economic crisis in Western countries. The output of the crisis was due to adopting new economic policies and score lines of the new international economic order. Neoliberalism, which gives the state a minor role in the economy and the free market makes the exclusive focus of economic and social policy appears. -
Gerald Ford
President from 1974 through 1977; Republican.
Financially,He had to deal with the oil crisis in 1973.Ford ends the intervention of U.S. troops in South Vietnam against communist North.United States begins to help economically and militarily to Israel.Congress investigates CIA activities. -
Conference on Security and Cooperation in Helsinki
The Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe or Helsinki Conference held in Helsinki (Finland) over several sessions between July 3 1973 and the decisive third session of July 30 to August 1, 1975, between United States of America, Canada, the Soviet Union and all European countries (including Turkey and excluding Albania and Andorra). culminated in the momentous Final Act of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe. -
Jimmy Carter
President from 1977 until 1981; Democrat.
Carter gives military support to anti-Communist in Afghanistan. Carter fails in the military operation to rescue the hostages in Iran.CIA gives military support to the General Saddam Hussein of Irak with war with Iran.Carter wins the Nobel Peace Prize in 2002 for attempting to find peaceful solutions to conflicts armados.Accion hits after being president -
SALT II
SALT II were negotiations between the United States and the Soviet Union to sign agreements that limited the production of intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) loaded with nuclear weapons was officially launched in Helsinki in November 1969. -
Soviet involvement in Afghanistan
Armed conflict of nine years. It involved the Red Army together and support pro-Soviet government of the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA) Islamic fundamentalists against the insurgents, calling themselves mujahideen it. -
Ronald Reagan
President from 1981 until 1989; Republican.
Reagan Increased U.S. military aid to Israel.Invasion of the island of Granada by U.S troops order by Reagan.Reagan ordered U.S. troops to attack the Syrian army which invaded Lebanon.Reagan signed the Treaty of disarmament with the Soviet Union, which initiated the era of Detente. -
Yuri Andropov
He was leader of the USSR (12 Nov 1982 - 9 Feb 1984)
His short tenure was oriented in a reformist direction, trying to lighten the weight of bureaucracy and revitalizing the economy and the administration of the country, severely stuck during the Brezhnev era. He died without major reforms. -
Strategic Defense Initiative
U.S. tried, through a bill introduced during the presidency of Ronald Reagan, break with the postulates of the theory from the idea of putting in Earth orbit and stay on the ground a number of space platforms armed with laser weapons, ballistic and network. These devices allow the enemy counterattack ring. The project is popularly known as "Star Wars." -
Konstantín Chernenko
He was leader of the USSR from 13 Feb 1984 to 10 Mar 1985.
He led educational reform and various settings in the bureaucratic structure of the state. In foreign policy, he negotiated a trade pact with China. -
Glasnot
Glasnost was intended to mitigate the restrictive policies that prevent freedom of expression and the free flow of ideas. It allowed the public debate on political issues, thus encouraging criticism of Soviet politics and society. The media got more freedom to express opinions that would previously have been condenadas.Significa "Transparency" ie represents the openness of information coupled with the freedom of expression of citizens demand. -
Perestroika
Name given to the reform policy undertaken by Gorbachev in the USSR in 1987, characterized by the struggle against corruption, economic liberalization, a certain democratization of political life and in the outer city, by a pacification of international relations and negotiating arms reduction. It was accompanied by glasnost, ie, information transparency. -
George H. W. Bush
President from 1989 until 1993; Republican.
Bush decides to invade Panama and stop the dictator Noriega.By order of Bush,America is involved in the Gulf War.Bush signed the START 1 Treaty on Strategic Arms Reduction signed with the Soviet Union.The Fall of the Soviet Union produces the end of the Cold War in 1991.U.S. withdrawal from Somalia, by failing to end its civil war in 1992.U.S. political intervention in the civil war in Yugoslavia, from 1992 to 1995. -
fall of communism in Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Romania
The Revolutions of 1989 greatly changed the balance of power in the world and marked (together with the subsequent collapse of the Soviet Union) the end of the Cold War and the beginning of the age of Post-War Fría.Además are noteworthy Revolutions of 1989 throughout Eastern Europe consisted of multitudinous uprisings against the Communist parties in power, in order to establish democracy. Some of the countries with these revolutions were Hungary, Czechoslovakia and Romania.(factor in USSR fall) -
The Dismantling Of The Berlin Wall
The wall, which was 120 miles away, was shot down on the night of November 9, 1989 to the delight of Berliners. It had been 28 years since its construction, and disappeared with the fall of the last remnants of the Cold War and the symbol of the division of Germany and Europe -
Mikhail Gorbachev
Mikhail Gorbachev was the General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. He resigned in August of 1991. He was well known for the strange birth mark he had on his head.He was the last Head of State of the Soviet Union, until it fell apart in 1991. He won a Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts in ending the Cold War. The first major program of reforms introduced by Gorbachev was the 1985 alcohol reform that was designed to fight against the spread of alcoholism in the Soviet Union. -
Dissolution of the Warsaw Pact and disintegration of the USSR
Although there had been various independence proclamations, went after the August coup the Soviet republics accelerated their respective processes of independence, declaring its sovereignty one after otra.El Soviet government recognized the independence of the three Baltic states, which had strong support from the Western.Finally in 1991 dissolved the Warsaw Pact and the USSR disintegrated after the arrival of Boris Yeltsin to power, appearing at that time a system of market economy in Russia.
