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Constitutional Convention
Created the Constitution - James Madison was the father/wrote. New Jersey Plan wanted equal representation for all states, the Virginia Plan wanted representation based on Population. The Great Compromise combined the two plans, by splitting the legislative branch into the Senate and the House of Representatives. Because the House of Representatives, is based on population, the issue of slaves counting as part of the the population came up. The ⅗ Compromise said that slaves were to be counted as -
Judiciary Act 1789
This act gave a new role to the Judiciary branch. This also set up the lower courts to the Supreme court. Set up 6 Supreme Court justices. -
Chisholm v. Georgia
Citizens can sue another state that they don’t actually live in. -
Whiskey Rebellion
A rebellion over whiskey, that George Washington came in and squashed like a boss. This showed the strength in the Constitution and federal government -
XYZ Affair
An attempt by the United States to be diplomatic, but diplomats X,Y,&Z required a money transaction to talk to the king of france, but they refused and came home. This stirred up war talk against France. -
Alien and Sedition Acts
Said that if you were a citizen of county that the United States was at war with, we could deport you. It also says that you cannot say anything bad about the governing party. These acts were set to expire at the end of Adams term. The Kentucky and the Virginia resolutions said that the Alien and Sedition Acts unconstitutional. -
Revolution of 1800
Thomas Jefferson (a Democratic-Republican) beat out John Adams (a Federalist). Ushered in the era of Democratic-Republican rule and demolished the Federalist party. -
Marbury v. Madison
Marbury vs. Madison is a landmark case in the United States law. It basically made a base for the exercise of judicial review in the United States under Article III of the Constitution. -
Louisiana Purchase
A purchase of land from France for $50 million in 1803 by Thomas Jefferson. Napoleon needed money to fund France’s wars. -
Embargo Act
It was a general embargo enacted by the United States Congress in 1807. The Embargo of 1807 and the subsequent Nonintercourse Acts were American laws restricting American ships from engaging in foreign trade. -
Nonintercourse Act
On 1 March 1809, the Nonintercourse Act replaced the Embargo Act, allowing transatlantic trade to resume. The act prohibited French and British ships from entering American ports. -
Fletcher v. Peck
A law that negates all property rights established under an earlier law is unconstitutional. -
Macon’s Bill No. 2
Said that any if either England or France was willing to stop being jerks and impressing the American sailors then they would trade with them. France took the oppurtunity but lied. -
War of 1812
This was a war between England and the United States. This happened in Madison's presidency. There was a lot of war talk, mostly from the war Hawks, and Native Americans are a big cause of the war. One famous battle was the Battle of New Orleans with Andrew Jackson. America wins and makes itself a force to be avoided. -
Treaty of Ghent
The Battle of New Orleans took place after the Treaty of Ghent, which was signed in 24 December 1814. The Treaty of Ghent ended the war of 1812, with no loss of territory on either side. The Battle of new orleans was significant because it showed the military leadership of Andrew Jackson. -
Election of 1816 (Beginning of Era of Good Feelings)
James Monroe was elected president. There was only one party, the Democratic-Republicans, and that is why the call it the era of good feelings. They also passed the Monroe Doctrine. -
Second Bank of United States
Andrew Jackson thought that the Second BUS was corrupt and so when the charter ran out, he didn’t renew it in 1836. -
Dartmouth College v. Woodward (February 2, 1819)
Settled the nature of public versus private charters and resulted in the rise of the American business corporation. -
McColluch v. Maryland
Attempt to stop the BUS by putting a tax on bank notes -
Second Great Awakening
The second revitalization of religion led by Charles Finney which led to cultural events like Prohibition and the abolition movement. -
Johnson v. McIntosh
Citizens could not purchase land from Native Americans -
Election of 1824 (Corrupt Bargain)
John Quincy Adams beats out Andrew Jackson with less popular and electoral votes. Promises Henry Clay to be Secretary of State if Clay (who was Speaker of the House) persuaded the House to elect Adams. -
Gibbons v. Ogden (March 2, 1824)
The power to regulate interstate commerce was granted to Congress by the Commerce Clause -
Election of 1828
Andrew Jackson wins against John Quincy Adams after the “corrupt bargain” election. -
Indian Removal Act 1830
Signed into action by Andrew Jackson which removed the Native American’s from their homeland. Brought the Trail of Tears. -
Nullification Crisis 1832
Event that led up to the Civil War. South Carolina had decided to nullify a tariff that was enacted by John Q. Adams. Both Jackson and South Carolina were preparing troops but no military action took place and the tariff was negotiated. -
Civil War
The Confederate States of America and the Union go to war over the issues of states' rights and slavery. -
Battle of Antietam
Bloodiest single day of the Civil War. 23,000 casualties. Union victory but McClellan does not pursue Lee and is removed from duty. Used by Lincoln to put the Emancipation Proclamation in. -
Emancipation Proclamation
Declared that all slaves in seceded states were free. Slavery was not made illegal for everyone until the ratification of the 13th amendment. -
Conscription Act
Wealthy could pay $300 to get out or find a substitute for the Civil War. Caused issues with immigrants who didn't want to fight and couldn't pay or find replacements. -
Thirteenth Amendment
Abolished slavery across the nation and was the first major part of reconstruction. -
End of the Civil War
Treaty signed at Appomattox Court House. Northern victory. Now the question was what to do with the Southern states. -
14th Amendment
Gave black people citizenship. -
15th Amendment
Gave blacks the right to vote. -
Bradwell v IL
Discriminated against women. Company did not give woman a job because she was a woman. The court upheld the decision. -
Panic of 1873
A financial crisis in 1873. It raised the "money question", debtors seeking a monetary policy by continuing circulation of greenbacks. Creditors and intellectuals supported hard money. -
U.S. v Cruikshank
Feds can regulate actions of states. It is up to the states to regulate individuals. Caused southern states to revert back to pre-civil war politics. -
Compromise of 1877
Essentially ruined all the African American progress after the Civil War. It removed all federal troops from the South and allowed Jim Crow Laws to stay in the South. -
Garfield's Assassination
The compromise between the halfbreeds and the stalwarts in the republican party did not last as Charles Guiteau (a stalwart) kills James A. Garfield (a halfbreed). -
Pendleton Act
Act made by Chester A. Arthur that said government jobs should be awarded on the basis of merit. Created civil service exams for people applying and reformed some patronage acts during the gilded age. -
Dawes Act
An act named after Massachusetts Senator Henry Dawes that started the assimilation process for Native Americans. Indian children were forced to learn English, pick new names, and cut their hair in boarding schools that forced them into the American culture. -
How The Other Half Lives
A photo story by Jacob Riis about how the poor live in America in large cities. Considered a muckraking piece that exposed slums to middle and upper classes. -
Wounded Knee Massacre
U.S. troops went to a Native American tribe to confiscate firearms. They attempted to take a rifle away from a deaf Indian and since he couldn’t understand they began fighting and the rifle went off. The troops then opened fire on the tribe, killing 300 men, women, and children -
Homestead Strike
And industrial strike against Carnegie Steel Company. Mercenaries known as Pinkertons were called in and it resulted in 9 striker deaths and 7 Pinkerton deaths. Helped pave the way for unions and fair labor laws. -
Founding of the NAACP
The founder of the NAACP is WEB Du Bois, and Ida B. Wells. The NAACP stands for the national association for the advancement of colored people, and they worked to get equal rights for black americans. The NAACP was a key organization in the fight for equality. -
First Red Scare
This scare spread over the Labor Unions and spread the fear of anarchism and communism to the United states. This lead to several strikes, and deaths on the May Day riots in 1919. -
Red Summer
This describes the race riots that happened in the fall of 1919. One of the more notably cities that was attacked was Chicago. -
Harlem Renaissance
The Harlem renaissance was a cultural movement in the black community that put an emphasis on the arts, such as jazz and poetry. Also known as the “New Negro Movement” some key contributors were Fats Waller, Duke Ellington, and Jelly Roll Morton -
Election of 1932
Between FDR and Herbert Hoover. Hoover had just finished his first term and lost to FDR. The first of FDRs 4 terms. -
New Deal
An economic plan from FDR that began in 1933 and ended in 1936 that was used to promote relief, recovery, and reform for the economy and the country. -
Attack on Hiroshima and Nagasaki
The US dropped two atomic bombs on the civilian cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Caused Japan to surrender. -
Truman Doctrine
The Truman Doctrine was the American foreign policy in 1947 of providing economic and military aid to Greece and Turkey because they were threatened by communism. It was the start of the containment policy to stop Soviet expansion; it was a major step in beginning the Cold War. -
Creation of NATO
North Atlantic Treaty Organization. An international organization that was created in 1949 in which for the purposes of collective security in North America and Western Europe. Also tried to stop communism. -
Fall of China to Communism
Ended Chinese Civil War with the communist party taking over. The fall of China to communism scared those in NATO. -
Korean War
A war that lasted from 1950 until 1953 ending in an American defeat and the separation of North Korea being communist and South Korea being democratic. One of the proxy wars under the Truman Doctrine. -
Election of 1952
Dwight D. Eisenhower becomes president and is also a major contributor during the ongoing Cold War during his presidency. Creates MAD and Massive Retaliation.
