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Brown v. Board of Education
Although not a Special Education case, Brown v .Board of Ed paved the way for civil rights by declaring "Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal." -
National Defense Education Act (P.P. 85-926) (NDEA)
NDEA was created to increase math and science after Russia was the first country into space. It provided funding for teachers who worked with the mentally handicapped. -
The Special Education Act (P.L. 89-110)
The Act provided money to train teachers of the deaf. -
Elementary and Secondary Education Act (P.L. 89-110)
The original legislation was created to supply the states with federal funding to create programs for children with various disabilities and those living in poverty. The Act was amended twice in 1966 which included the creation of the Office of Special Education (OSEP). -
Handicapped Children's Early Assistance Act (P.L. 89-750)
The Act created the first early intervention programs preschool-aged children with disabilities. -
Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act (P.L. 93-112)
The law stated that there would be no federal funding if discrimination occurred (including public schools) because of their disability. -
Education for all Handicapped Chidren Act (P.L. 94-142)
The law was passsed in 1975 but not implemented until 1977. Once implemented, all children with disabilities were entitled to receive a free and appropriate education (ages 6-21). The law also provided stronger parental rights and brought about the emergence of the Individual Education Plan (IEP). -
Developmental Disabilities Assistance and Bill of Rights (P.L. 99-372)
This law mandated job training for adults with disabilities. -
Rehabilitation Act Amendments (P.L.99-506)
The law began the development of supported employment for adults. -
Americans with Diabilities Act (P.L. 101-336) (ADA)
ADA is considered a civil rights law for people with disabilities. It protected them from discrimination in all aspects of their lives. With Universal Design (UD) all buildings were accessable to people with disabilities. -
Americans with Disabilities Education Act (P.L. 101-476) (IDEA)
IDEA had 6 major parts: (1) Zero reject, (2) Protection from evaluation, (3) Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE), (4) Least Restrictive Environment (LRE), (5) Procedural safeguards, (6) Parental participation. -
Reauthorization of Americans with Disabilities Education Act (P.L. 94-142) (IDEA)
Changes in the reauthorization included: having a general education teacher as a member of all IEP teams, transition services at age 14, positive behavioral supports, access to the general education curriculum, students with disabilities included in all district and state testing, and limited suspensions for students with disabilities. -
No Child Left Behind Act (P.L. 107-110) (NCLB)
NCLB focused on increasing the academic achievement of all public school students, imroving the performance of low-performing schools, and requiring schools to adopt scientifically-based instructional practices. -
Reauthorization of the Individuals with Disabilities Act (IDEA)
This reauthorization was aligned with No Child Left behind. It addressed issues such as the over-indentification of minorities and set a time frame for evaluation. The reauthorization also included aspects such as Individual Education Programs (IEPs) and consent for services.
