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Vaccine-Edward Jenner
SMALLPOX WAS THE FIRST DISEASE THAT HUMAN BEING ATTEMPTED TO PREVENT BY INOCULATING THEMSELVES WITH ANOTHER TYPE OF DISEASE.2 IT IS BELIEVED THAT THE INOCULATION WAS BORN IN INDIA OR IN CHINA AROUND 200 BC IN CHINA, TO PATIENTS SUFFERING FROM TYPES SMALLPOX, DRY PUSTICAL FRAGMENTS WERE COLLECTED TO GRIND THEM UNTIL A MIXTURE WITH THE LOOK OF POWDER IS REQUIRED, WHICH IS THEN INTRODUCED THROUGH THE NOSE, WAITING THAT THIS WILL IMMUNIZE THEM. -
Fresnel lens- Augustin Fresnel
IT IS A DESIGN THAT ALLOWS THE CONSTRUCTION OF LARGE APERTURE AND SHORT FOCAL LENGTH LENSES WITHOUT THE WEIGHT AND BULK OF MATERIAL THAT SHOULD BE USED IN A CONVENTIONAL DESIGN LENS.
WHEN THE LENSES ARE LARGE, THEIR THICKNESS CAN BECOME EXCESSIVE, MAKING THE LENS VERY HEAVY AND EXPENSIVE. INSTEAD, THE RADII OF CURVATURE OF THE LENSES CAN BE MAINTAINED BY SEPARATING THEM INTO CIRCULAR RINGS. -
Anesthesia-William Morton
GENERAL ANESTHESIA IS CHARACTERIZED BY HYPNOSIS, AMNESIA, ANALGESIA, MUSCLE RELAXATION, AND THE ABOLITION OF REFLEXES.
ANESTHESIA IS APPLIED BY THE ANESTHESIOLOGIST OR ANESTHESIOLOGIST, WHO IS THE DOCTOR WHO PRACTICES ANESTHESIOLOGY AND RESUSCITATION.
IN SOME COUNTRIES IT IS APPLIED BY GRADUATES IN ANESTHESIA, NURSE ANESTHETISTS, AND ANESTHESIA TECHNICIANS TRAINED AND CERTIFIED TO PROVIDE THIS SERVICE. -
Phone-Antonio Meucci
ANTONIO MEUCCI BUILT A PHONE TO CONNECT HIS OFFICE WITH HIS BEDROOM, LOCATED ON THE SECOND FLOOR, DUE TO THE RHEUMATISM OF HIS WIFE. AFTER HAVING DISCOVERED THAT ONLY A DIRECT CURRENT COULD BE USED TO TRANSMIT HUMAN VOICE, THE SCOTTISH AMERICAN INVENTOR, ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL, BUILT AND PATENTED A FEW HOURS BEFORE THE ENTIRE COMPANION OF HIS FIRST CURRENT HIS TRANSMITTER VOE CAPISHA GRAHON, HIS COMPANION VARISHA GRAH, HIS COMPANION VARISHAF QUALITY AND STAMP. -
Pasteurization-Louis Pasteur method
SOME OF ITS CONTEMPORARIES, INCLUDING THE EMINENT GERMAN CHEMIST JUSTUS VON LIEBIG, INSISTED THAT THE FERMENTATION WAS A CHEMICAL PROCESS AND THAT IT DID NOT REQUIRE THE INTERVENTION OF ANY BODY. WITH THE HELP OF A MICROSCOPE, PASTEUR DISCOVERED THAT, IN REALITY, TWO ORGANISMS - TWO VARIETIES OF YEAST - WERE THE KEY TO THE PROCESS. ONE PRODUCED ALCOHOL AND THE OTHER, LACTIC ACID, WHICH MADE THE WINE SOUR. -
Phonograph-Thomas Alva Edison
WHEN THOMAS ALVA EDISON ANNOUNCED THE INVENTION OF HIS FIRST PHONOGRAPHER, THE FIRST PIECE INTERPRETED WAS "MARY HAD A LITTLE LAMB"
THE PHONOGRAPH USES A MECHANICAL ANALOGUE RECORDING SYSTEM IN WHICH SOUND WAVES ARE TRANSFORMED INTO MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS BY MEANS OF AN ACOUSTIC-MECHANICAL TRANSDUCER. THESE VIBRATIONS MOVE A STYLET MAKING A HELICAL GROOVE ON A PHONOGRAPH CYLINDER. TO PLAY THE SOUND, THE PROCESS IS REVERSED. -
Coca-Cola-John Stith Pemberton
AT A FIRST MOMENT, HE WANTED TO FIND A CURE FOR HEADACHES AND STRESS, PEMBERTON EXPERIMENTED WITH THE TAIL NUT AND COCA. THE DRINK, WHICH COMBINED LIME, CINNAMON, COCA LEAVES AND BRAZILIAN BUSH SEEDS, WAS CALLED BY SOME AS "THE MEDICAL ELIXIR." -
Gramophone: Emile Berliner
IT WAS THE FIRST SOUND RECORDING AND REPRODUCTION SYSTEM TO USE A FLAT DISK, AS OPPOSED TO A PHONOGRAPH THAT RECORDED ON A CYLINDER. IT WAS ALSO THE MOST COMMON DEVICE FOR REPRODUCING RECORDED SOUND FROM THE 1890S TO THE MID-1950S, WHEN THE 33 RPM VINYL RECORD APPEARED. THE GRAMOPHONE WAS PATENTED BY EMILE BERLINER -
Plane-Clément Ader
HE WAS A FRENCH ENGINEER TO WHOM IS DUE, AMONG OTHER INVENTIONS, A MICROPHONE AND THE FIRST PERFECTIONS OF THE TELEPHONE. IN 1880 HE INSTALLED THE FIRST TELEPHONE LINE IN PARIS. HE IS FAMOUS ESPECIALLY FOR BEING THE INVENTOR OF THE AIRPLANE. AS A YOUNG MAN, HE WAS INTERESTED IN THE FLIGHT OF BIRDS, BUT ALSO IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS. -
Cinematographer-Lumière Brothers
THE INVENTION OF THE CINEMATOGRAPH WAS THE WORK OF THE LUMIÈRE BROTHERS AT THE LATE NINETEENTH CENTURY.
ON DECEMBER 28, 1895, THE FIRST PUBLIC EXHIBITION OF THE LUMIÈRE CINEMATOGRAPH TAKEN PLACE IN THE INDIAN SALON OF GRAND CAFÉ, AT NUMBER 14 OF THE CAPUCHINOS BOUQUET IN PARIS. THE PROGRAM CONSISTED OF TEN FILMS OF 15 TO 20 METERS EACH ONE WITH A TOTAL DURATION OF 20 MINUTES. THESE FILMS WERE DIRECTED BY LOUIS LUMIÈRE AND INTERPRETED BY HIS FAMILY AND FRIENDS.
