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Beginning of Education & Teachers
Beginning of education in America. This was brought upon through alignment ideology -
Beginning of funding for schools
The common schools became an impactful part of society as many fought for publicly funded education. This would provide "all" children regardless of background free and accessible education. -
Horace Mann's impact on schools today
Horace Mann becomes the first secretary of the Massachusetts Board of Education. He was advocating for standardized education—training for teachers and certain curricula that fall under morals. -
Religion in Schools
Religion plays a key role in how today's educational system has its rules and guidelines. Irish Catholics immigrated to the US and didn't agree to pay for public education if only one Bible was taught inside schools, as it didn't cater to catalogs. This was the beginning of schools separating religion and education. -
The Philadelphia riot
This riot ended with 13 people dead and a burning building. This was due to schools favoring one religion over another and thus further pushing the agenda to separate religion with the states -
African Americans influence of the educational system
- 90 African American citizens made a petition to the Boston school committee to terminate the segregation of schools
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Segregation to the Supreme court
Benjamin Roberts filed a lawsuit against a school district that denied his daughter to attend the school due to her being black. This school is closer to where they lived so outraged they filed the lawsuit and lost. He then took it to the state legislature -
Abolishment of segregation in schools
A law was passed that the state of Massachusetts had to abolish segregation in schools. This was the first law passed in the nation -
Implement of the school Period
Many immigrants came to Indiana in search of work as on the border of Michigan there was a high rate of steel production. In order to cater to these new immigrants William A. Wirt the superintendent and John Dewey his disciple made a curriculum where every hour students move into a new classroom with a curriculum. -
Only native tongue is English
After the Great War former president Theodor Roosevelt called for English-only curriculum -
Schools do not make factory workers!
First, I had trouble making a title for this one!
John Mitchel was elected mayor of New York, his plan was to make schools more of a training ground for factory workers as he wanted students to be factory workers as soon as they left school. This was because 70% of New Yorkers were immigrants looking for work. This caused a huge riot before the mayoral election as many disliked this agenda and the new mayor John Hylan cancelled the plan! -
The IQ Test
Around the 1920s the development of IQ tests was new and they believed that this would filter out the "diamonds from the rubble" as Thomas Jefferson said once. Thus millions of students were tested in the 20s -
Great Depression
No, not when 1st Direction first broke up I am talking about when America was struggling financially due to the stick market. Around this time child labor laws came into the picture as child labor was banned. This also required students to attend school until at least 16 years old. -
Let's stop segregation
May 17th 1954 Justice Earl Warren announced that that the court's decision. It is unreasonable that a student will succeed in life if he is denied the opportunity of education. Such opportunity is a right which must be available to all in equal terms. This boils down to students shouldn't be denied of being into school no matter the circumstances. -
Soviets V. America, which is smarter
The Soviets went to outer space before America. Former President Eisenhower & the country were worried as to how the Soviets outsmarted the US. He believed that the problem was with our educational system and Eisenhower passed the Defense Education Act that gave $100 Million to schools all around the country yearly. -
The ban of the IQ test
At this time many believed that one's IQ doesn't change throughout your life and non-English speakers performed worse as the exam was in their weaker language. This gave the perception that non-English speakers are not as intelligent as there English-speaking counterparts.
This was very biased and caused many to work simpler, but more hazardous jobs. so between the 60s-70s Julian Nava pushed the ban of the IQ test -
The carrot on the stick
The Civil Rights Act was passed in 1964 which took away federal funding away from schools that did not take away segregation in schools. In the next 4 years $4 billion dollars was sent out to schools to aid disadvantage schools. Although schools initially avoided disaggregation, when money played a role they followed suit unhappily. -
Mexican-Americans have rights too
In 1970 4 out of 7 seats in the board of education in crystal city is Mexican-American. Before then Mexican-Americans were punished for speaking Spanish, called "stupid idiots" and much more. Students led by Severita Laura and many parents tried to fight against the school board for the inequities that was happening towards Mexican-Americans and stripping them of their native language. -
Geographic Segregation
Supreme court that busing children within city limits is a form of segregation. -
Women's Rights
Feminist leaders pushed laws that protected women rights civil. They believed that they had an unfair chance at employment due to the educational system.
Close after title IX passed where it is prohibited where grants & school programs discriminate on the basis of gender. -
Monopoly in schools
An experiment took some of the best teachers in East Harlem and created an alternative school within existing schools. This soon boomed as there was many "alternative schools" withing existing schools. They try to push academic excellence they tried to do different ways of teaching -
Biliteracy
Bilingual education got a boost from the Supreme Court
This brought on the new idea from the Supreme Court Which was "children that are different, will require you to treat them differently in ways that respect their educational needs"
This alone will change the way we look at education and it opens the gates not only to races, but disabilities as well -
Sports & Clubs come next
Dorothy Raffel pushed for more women on extra curriculars.
She believed that women should have the same extra curriculars as men. This pushed toward women's sports
Within 4 years 40% of HS athletes were female
Later Dorothy got an athletic scholarship which was possible due to title IX -
A market for schools
Students were required to Jr High students to select a high school that they'd be attending which would be regular or alternative. If a school was failing they'd shut that school down. -
Private is free?
In the beginning of 1990 a small amount of students were able to attend a private school. This was funded through taxpayers.
Later through the 90s Wisconsin pushed vouchers fr poor black, white, and Hispanic students to be able to go to private school for low cost or even free! -
A choice in where you can learn
New York allowed students to choose where they can go to school within the city limits. This was due to the academic success that they saw in the experiment earlier in the years. -
Ohio Voucher
Ohio was the first state in the nation to provide vouchers for low-income students to attend private schools that included religious schools!