Rose history of astronomy

Aristotle

384 BCE

384-322
Aristotle was an ancient Greek philosopher. He was a student of Plato who in turn studied under Socrates. Aristotle was considered the "Father of Western Philosophy." Aristotle "founded his own school, the Lyceum, in Athens, where he spent most of the rest of his life studying, teaching and writing."

Ptolemy

100

100-168 Ptolemy was an ancient "astronomer, geographer, and mathematician who considered the Earth the center of the universe." He presented the motion of planets.

Copernicus

1473

1473-1543 Copernicus was "Renaissance-era mathematician and astronomer who formulated a model of the universe that placed the Sun rather than the Earth at the center of the universe." The renaissance-era was a period of time between 14th and 17th century.

Tycho Brahe

1546

1546-1601 Tycho Brahe was know for his accurate observations. " he has been described as the first competent mind in modern astronomy to feel ardently the passion for exact empirical facts. His observations were some five times more accurate than the best available observations at the time."

Galileo

1564

1564-1642 Galileo was an Italian astronomer. " Galileo has been called the father of observational astronomy, the father of modern physics, the father of the scientific method, and the father of modern science. " He is also known for Kinematics, Telescopes, Analytical dynamics, and Heliocentrism."

Hans Lippershey

1570

1570-1619 Hans Lippershey was commonly known for his part in inventing the telescope. Hans Lippershey is also known for the earliest written record of a refracting telescope. A refracting telescope is, "is a type of optical telescope that uses a lens as its objective to form an image." An optical telescope is, "a telescope that gathers and focuses light."

Johannes Kepler

1571

Kepler was a German astronomer, mathematician, and astrologer. He was best know for his laws of planetary motion. "1 the the planets move in elliptical orbits with the Sun at one focus 2 the time necessary to traverse any arc of a planetary orbit is proportional to the area of the sector between the central body and that arc (the area law) and 3 there is an exact relationship between the squares of the planets periodic times and the cubes of the radii of their orbits the harmonic law."

Giovanni Cassini

1625

1625-1712 Giovanni discovered gaps in Saturn's rings, and four of it's largest rings. Giovanni was an Italian astronomer, engineer, and astrologer.

Sir Isaac Newton

1643

1643-1724 Sir Isaac Newton was an English mathematician, physicist, astronomer, theologian, and author. His discovery of calculus made new and more powerful ways at solving mathematical problems. Also "Newton developed the three laws of motion which form the basic principles of modern physics."

Difference between refracting and reflecting telescope

1700

"The major difference is that a refracting telescope uses convex lens to focus light. A reflecting telescope has a curved mirror in place of the objective lens."

William Herschel

1738

1738- William Herschel discovered "what he first thought to be a comet, but was later found to be planet Uranus." He was born German but was a British astronomer and, composer and brother of fellow astronomer Caroline Herschel.

Percival Lowell

1855

1855-1916 Lowell was an ¨American businessman, author, mathematician, and astronomer who fueled speculation that there were canals on Mars¨. Fourteen years after his death his Discoveries founded the planet Pluto.

Ejnar Hertzsprung

1873

1873-1967 Ejnar was a Danish chemist and astronomer. ¨he developed the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram.¨

Albert Einstein

1879

1879-1955 Albert Einstein "a German-born theoretical physicist who developed the theory of relativity, one of the two pillars of modern physics." His work is the influence on the philosophy of science.

Edwin Hubble

1889

1889-1953 Edwin Hubble was an American astronomer. He was one of the most important astronomers of all time. "His research helped prove that the universe is expanding."

Karl Jansky

1905

1905-1950 Karl was an American physicist and radio engineer. "He single handedly built a radio telescope in his back yard in 1937 and did the first systematic survey of radio waves from the sky."

John Glenn 1962

1921

1921-2016 Glenn "in 4 hours and 56 minutes, he circled the globe three times in his space capsule Friendship 7."

Neil Armstrong 1969

1930

1930-2012 Neil was an American astronaut and aeronautical engineer. He was the first person to ever walk the moon." He was also a naval aviator, test pilot, and university professor."

Sputnik

1957

1957 Sputnik was the first artificial Earth satellite."It orbits for three weeks before its batteries died, then silently for two more months before falling back into the atmosphere." Sputnik was a man-made device created buy a group of scientists lead buy Mikhail Tikhonravov.

Yuri Gagarin

1961

1961 Yuri was a Soviet pilot and cosmonaut. He was the first human to journey into outer space. His spacecraft made one orbit around earth.

The Apollo Program

1963

1963-1972 The Apollo program was the third United States Spaceflight program. This program successfully landed the first humans on the moon.

The first space shuttle flight

1981

1981 The first scape shuttle flight was Columbia, It was an orbiter. It launched for the first time on mission STS-1, on April 12, 1981.

Mars Pathfinder Expedition

1996

1996- The Mars pathfinder Expedition was an American robotic spacecraft. It was the first rover to reach out of the earth's moon range

Cassini Orbiter

1997

1997 The Cassini orbiter was sent to go study the planent Saturn and its system. "Cassini was the fourth space probe to visit Saturn and the first to enter its orbits.

InSight lander on Mars

2018

November 26, 2018 - the InSight lander mission was designed to study the interior of mars. It successfully landed on mars on November 26. " InSight cruised 301,223,981 miles through space, followed by two cube satellites.