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Ludwig Van Beethoven
Transitional figure from Classical to Romantic. Composed for many genres and forms. Began to lose his hearing very early, and his style changed quickly. Was known for having "destroyed" the sonata form. -
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The French Revolution
Gave French people a strong sense of individualism and empowerment, allowing them to break free from their oppressors. Heroism became an important topic in French culture. Opera began to take interest in the middle class. -
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Gioacchino Rossini
Most important Opera composer in the 19th century, and one of the most popular composers throughout the 19th century. I'm playing one of his arias on flute this semester! Kinda, Variations on a Theme by Chopin. -
Paris Conservatory
France founded the Paris Conservatory, which was a state institution for training musicians, different from the courts and churches previously. -
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Hector Berlioz
Innovated Orchestration in the era. Powered part of his income through music criticism, published a biography on Beethoven, and wrote journals on his music. Most famous Opera was The Trojans. -
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The Romantic Era
An era of culture primarily focusing on individualism and emotion. Much wider range of dynamics and chromaticism used, with the goal being expressiveness. -
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Frederic Chopin
One of, if not the, most important composers of the romantic era. Wrote innumerable works for piano, and expanded the limits of what was considered for the piano. Nocturne is most likely one of his most well known pieces today. -
Congress of Vienna
Europe was reorganized. -
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Stephen Foster
One of the first American composers to make a living as a song writer, but died before his career took off, broke and an alcoholic.