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Thomas Gage
Commander in Cheif of North Americna forces and was also the govenor of Massachusetts. He was recalled after the Battle at Bunker Hill. -
Sir Guy Carleton
Governor of Quebec from 1768 to 1777, oversaw the province's defense against the 1775 invasion, and its first counterattack. he Resigned in 1777. -
Lexington & Concord
This battle kicked off the Revolutionary War. When the British soldiers marched to Concord to seize arms, Paul Revere and other riders sounded the alarm and militiamen began mobilizing. This war ended with the British retreating. -
Period: to
Revolutionary War
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The Siege of Fort Ticonderoga
This location was significant because it enabled control of waterways to Canada and the Hudson River. American soldiers surprised and captured the British garrison while they were sleeping. Although small, it was the first American victory and provided the American side with artillery. -
Battle of Bunker Hill
Although it was a British victory, the Americans inflcited many casualties and proved that they were a force to be reckoned with. Increased confidence on the American side. "Don't fire until you see the whites of thier eyes!" -Prescott -
Benedict Arnold
Orginally serving for the American side. Fought in the Battle of Fort Ticonderoga and played a crucial role in the Battle of Saratoga. -
Declaration of Independence
A document written by Thomas Jefferson in 1776 that proclaimed the creation of the United States. The Declaration sets forth a persuasive argument against King George III, claiming that the king ruled the colonies poorly and unjustly. -
William Howe
[British] Replacing Gage, William Howe directed the war effort by capturing New York City and Philidelphia. He contributed to the failure of John Burgoyne's Saratoga campaign. Left in 1778. -
Battle of Trenton
Washington defeated a garrison of Hessian (German) mercenaries before he withdrew. -
Battle of Princeton
Washington returned to Princeton after he withdrew from Trenon and executed a nighttime march and captured Princeton. Reasserted American control over most of New Jersey and increased morale and unity among the Americans. -
William Alexander
American General and served in many New Jersey and Peenslyvania battles. Captured during the Battle of Long Island -
The Battle of Saratoga
The Battle of Saratoga was the turning point of the war because American victory convinced the French to ally with them. The Frecnh formally reconized their cause and offered to provide with actual military assistance. -
Treaty of Alliance
Alliance between America and France in which France provided military support. -
Friedrich von Steuben
A Prussian (German) aristocrat and military officer who trained and set the Continental Army straight, Especially at Valley Foge, he was known for improving the performace of these soldiers. -
Sir Henry Clinton
Served as commander-in-chief from 1778 to 1782. He oversaw the British army's retreat from Philadelphia, and then directed the Siege of Charleston. He directed most British activities afterward from his base in New York, and played a role in negotiating Benedict Arnold's change of allegiance. Was recalled and replaced by Sir Guy Carleton -
James Clinton
American General who commanded troops at Fort Cinton and played a role at Yorktown and Quebec. -
The Battle of Charleston
The Americans suffer thier worst defeat, surrendering to British Lieutenant General Sir Henry Clinton and his army of 10,000. -
Nathanael Greene
One of the best stragetists for the Continental Army. To test his loyalty, Washing placed him under the lowest rank and Greene still suceeded. -
Gilbert du Motier, marquis de La Fayette
A young French nobleman who served in the Battle of Rhode Island and in the Philidelphia campaign. -
The Battle of Guilford Courthouse
The British won in a tactical sense, but suffered intensley in casualties. Cornwallis took his troops up to Virgina where he would soon be defeated at the Battle of Yorktown. -
The Battle of Yorktown
The most important battle in the American Revolution, Washinton surrounded Cornwallis and his soldiers with both the Continental amry and the French Navy fleet and bombarded them with cannons and artillery. Cornwallis surrendered and ended the war for Independence. -
Robert Howe
Major general under Washington and was the commander in he Southern Department -
Articles of Confederation
Gave the national government basically no power to do anything except run a post office. Declared that each state was free and independent and each state also has one vote despte population or wealth. Important laws had to be approved by 9/13 of the states. -
Treaty of Paris
Formally recognized American independence, relinquished claims to lands south of Great Lakes and east of Mississippi river, Freedom of Navigation rights and fishing rights to Americans. -
Treaty of Versailles
Britan made peace with Spain and France, Spain reclaimed Florida and France received the Caribbean Islands of Tobago and Canada -
Treaty of Paris
A treaty between America and Great Britan whch ended the Revolutionary War and recognized America as a country. -
Treaty of Versailles
Britan made peace with Spain and France, Spain reclaimed Florida and France recived the Caribbean Island of Tobago and Canada. -
Thoughts on Government
Published by John Adams. Written about mixed government that is shared between the Monarch, House of Lords and the commons. 2 House Legislature and raised requirements for voting. -
Great Compromise
An agreement between the large and small states at the Constitutional Convention of 1787 to create a bicameral Congress with one chamber of delegates assigned based on population and another chamber in which all states had two representatives regardless of population. -
Constitutional Convention
Also known as the Philidelphia Convention, the main reason for this convention was to fix the Articles of Confederation. They then decide that it was impossible to fix and "overthrew" the government. Argued and discussed all parts and twists of government. -
Thomas Jefferson
Drafted the Declaration of Independence and went on to be the first Secretary of War under Washington. -
George Washington
Presided over the Constitutiona Convention of 1787, Commander in chief of the American forces during the American Revolution and first president of the United States in 1789. -
James Madison
A Democratic-Republican who mostly wrote The Federalist papers and the Virginia Plan. He also sponsored the Bill of Rights in Congress. -
John Jay
A coauthor of the Federalist Papers and served as the first Chief Justice of the Supreme Court. -
Federalist Papers
A group of 52 essays written by James Madison, John Jay and Alexander Hamilton was targeted toward New York to convince the people to support the Federalists. These essays were also to assuage the concerns of the Anti-Federalists. -
Patrick Henry
A radical who advocated rebellion against the Crown in the years prior to the American Revolution. Later, Henry was a die-hard Anti-Federalist who initially opposed ratification of the Constitution. -
Alexander Hamilton
A brilliant New York lawyer and statesman who, in his early thirties, was one of the youngest delegates at the Constitutional Convention in 1787. An ardent Federalist, Hamilton supported the Constitution during the ratification debates. He helped write the Federalist Papers -
John Adams
Delegate from Massachusetts and rejected proposals for self-government within the British Empire -
Samuel Adams
Organized the first Comittee of Correspondance and served as a delegate for both Continental Congresses.
