-
Period: 1095 to 1291
The Crusades
The Crusades was a series of religious wars between Christians and Religious. These wars occurred because both sides wanted to control holy sites that were sacred to them. -
1099
The Siege of Jerusalem
The Siege of Jerusalem was when the European forces of the First Crusade achieved their goal in obtaining the Holy Land of Jerusalem. This was the final major battle of the first Crusades. -
Nov 10, 1202
Attack on Zara
The Attack on Zara occurred when the crusaders who came from France agreed to pay the Venetians for transportation to the Holy Land, but could not end up paying so they acquiesced to the proposal to the Venetians to lay siege to Zara. -
May 29, 1204
Sack of Constantinople
The Sack of Constantinople was when the Fourth Crusaders destroyed, looted, and captured parts of Constantinople. Soon after, the capital of the Byzantine Empire was attacked as well. -
Period: 1346 to 1352
The Black Death
The Black Death was an infamous zoonotic plague that was caused by Yersinia pestis bacterium that is spread mostly on rodents, fleas, and other animals. This pandemic is the most fatal pandemic recorded in human history, killing 75-200 million people in Europe. -
1347
Black Death Arrives To Europe
12 ships from the Black sea docked at a Sicilian Port. Most sailors and people on the ship were dead or were very ill. -
1348
Black Death Arrives to England
The Plague reached Southern England most likely by an infected rat or flea. This reached Southern England then towards Northern Britain and Scandinavia by 1350. -
Jul 1, 1348
Joan of England's Death By Plague
Joan of England was a daughter of Edward III and his wife Philippa of Hainault. She died by Black Death. -
Period: 1400 to 1495
Early Renaissance
The Early Renaissance was informed by Humanism, Classical Roman and Greek art and Architecture. The Early Renaissance begun in Florence, Italy. -
1415
Prince Henry Sponsors Exploration
Prince Henry was a Portuguese prince who helped capture North African City of Ceuta. He is known for sponsoring voyages of exploration with the goal of building colonies in West Africa and the North Atlantic. This begun Portuguese involvement with slave trade. -
1429
Cosimo Medici inherits Medici Bank
During this time, Cosimo de' Medici inherits Medici Bank. He was one of the most wealthiest in Florence. -
Period: 1434 to
Age of Exploration
This was a period in time where European nations began exploring the world. They discovered places in the Far East, The Americas, and new routes to India. They were also in search of goods, raw materials, trading partners, and land. -
Oct 22, 1454
Gutenburg Bible was Published
The Gutenburg German Bible was published during this period by Johann Gutenburg. -
Aug 1, 1464
Cosimo Medici Dies
Cosimo Medici is one of the founders of the Medici line in Florence, Italy. He died from gout and lung disease. -
Oct 1, 1478
The Spanish Inquisition begins
In Spain, the Catholic Monarchs begun this inquisition to make the territories pure of Catholicism. This was to act as a tribunal to identify heretics and bring them to justice. -
Oct 12, 1492
Columbus Arriving to The Bahamas
Columbus reached the Bahamas during this time. Columbus and his ships landed on an island that the native Lucayan people called Guanahani. -
Oct 12, 1492
The Discovery of The Americas
Christopher Columbus went on a voyage sponsored by Spain to The Americas. This eventually lead to the colonization of The Americas. -
Period: 1495 to 1527
High Renaissance
The High Renaissance is defined as architecture, and arts. The High Renaissance was centered in Rome. -
Feb 9, 1495
The "Last Supper" by Leonardo Da Vinci
Leonardo da Vinci paints the "Last Supper" during this period. This painting showcases Jesus and the Twelve Apostles. -
May 20, 1497
Vasco de Gama Reaches India
Vasco de Gama became the first European to reach India by the Atlantic Ocean. He sailed from Lisbon, Portuguese then rounded the Cape of Good Hope, and anchored at Malindi on the east coast of Africa. -
1504
'David" by Michelangelo
The famous artist Michelangelo finished the art piece "David" at this time. "David" was a 170ft sculpture. -
1513
'The Prince" by Niccolo Machiavelli
Machiavelli publishes "The Prince" during this time. "The Prince" was a book written by political theorist and Italian Diplomat Niccolo Machiavelli. -
Period: 1517 to 1555
Protestant Reformation
This was a religious reform movement that swept through Europe in the 1500s. This resulted in a branch of Christianity called Protestantism. -
Oct 31, 1517
Martin Luther posts his 95 Theses
Martin Luther was a priest and scholar that posted up his 95 theses on the door of the Castle Church in Wittenberg, Germany. The 95 Theses were the 95 revolutionary opinions that begun the Protestant Reformation. -
Apr 17, 1521
Diet of Worms
This was a formal deliberative assembly of the Holy Roman Empire called by Emperor Charles V. This occurred in Worms, Holy Roman Empire. -
Period: 1527 to
Late Renaissance
The Late Renaissance was characterized by artworks, and their primary subject was the human body. The Late Renaissance is also known as the Mannerist period. -
Period: 1543 to
Scientific Revolution
The Scientific Revolution was a series of events that begun in Europe. This emerged modern sciences in physics, mathematics, astronomy, biology, and chemistry. This transformed the views of society about nature. -
May 24, 1543
Death of Copernicus
Nicolaus Copernicus was a Polish astronomer and mathematician known as the father of modern astronomy and contributed heavily to the Scientific Revolution. He died from a cerebral hemorrhage. -
Sep 25, 1555
"The Peace of Augsburg"
The Peace of Augsburg was created during this time. This was an agreement between Roman Catholics and Lutherans in Germany. -
Feb 15, 1564
Galileo Galilei is Born
Galileo Galilei is a famous astronomer, physicist, engineer, and polymath. He was born in Pisa, Italy and discovered craters and mountains on the Moon, the phases of Venus, Jupiter's Moons, the stars of the Milky Way, and the first pendulum clock. -
Thirty Years' War
This war was one of the most longest and destructives conflicts that occurred in Europe. The result of this was the Peace of Westphalia. -
Galileo Galilei Dies
Galileo was sentenced to life imprisonment by the Roman catholic Church for claiming that Earth orbits the sun. He eventually died at home from an illness.