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Frederick William III
Frederick William III was king of Prussia from 1797 to 1840. He ruled Prussia during the Napoleonic Wars and the end of the Holy Roman Empire. He united the Prussian Churches -
Period: to
Tsar Nicolas I
after the death of his brother alexander he assumed the throne which was met with much protest. Nicholas stood on the conservitive right side of the political spectrum -
Period: to
tsar alexander I
Tsar of russia from 1801 to 1825. after defeat of napoleans army in 1819 he became one of the most powerfull leaders in europe -
Period: to
Louis XVII
The Congress of Vienna restored Louis XVII to power, and he ruled as a constitutional monarch until his death in 1824. -
Peterloo Massacre
The Peterloo Massacre took place at St Peter's Field, Manchester, England. Cavalry charged into a crowd of people who had gathered
in protest to demand the reform of parliamentary representation. -
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Charles X
Younger brother of Louis XVIII who assumed the throne following his death. He was a strong believer in absolutism, and he restricted many of of the people -
Decemberist revolt
An armed protest in 1825 against the assumption of the throne by tsar nicolas -
July Revolution
A successful 1830 revolution in France to overthrow king Charles X -
Belgian Interdependence
Cultural, and social differences lead to the Belgian Declaration of independence against dutch rule in 1830. The Great Powers (England, Russia, Austria, Prussia) later recognized independence of Belgium -
Polish uprisings
armed uprising of the russian republic by the polish influenced by romanticism ideals -
Reform acts
the reform act was created in response to criticism of the people. it slightly expanded electorate and reduced rotten boroughs. -
Poor Law
The new law stated that no able-bodied person was to receive money or other help from the Poor Law authorities except in a workhouse, and conditions in workhouses were to be made very harsh to discourage people from wanting to receive help -
Period: to
Emperor Ferdinand I
Ferdinand I ruled Austria from 1835 until his abduction in 1848. throughout his reign he was considered unfit for ruling -
Period: to
Fredrick William IV of Prussia
A liberal ruler who assumed control in Prussia in 1840. he was a patron of the arts, and against german unification -
Repeal of corn laws
The corn laws restricted foreign grain trade.They were repealed in 1846 leading Britain to free trade -
German Revolution
also known as the March revolts these widespread European revolts promoted liberal ideology, and pan-germanism -
Charles albert attacks austrians
charles albert attacked the austrians in 1848 to begin the first war of italian independance -
Period: to
Frankfurt assembly.
unsuccessful attempt to unify Germany -
Period: to
Francis Joseph I
francis joseph was emporor of austria from 1848 to 1916 he was the successor to ferdinand, and was the fith logest reining emporor in history -
Election of Louis Napoleon as French President.
the first ever french presidential election on December 10th of 1848 saw Louis Napoleon as victor with a 74% majority vote.
