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The Ten Percent Plan states that if ten percent of a former Confederate state's voters swore loyalty to the Union and pledged to end slavery, then that state could be readmitted to the Union.
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The Wade-Davis Bill states that if half of a state's voters agree to the end of slavery, then all African American men in that state would be allowed to vote.
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The Thirteenth Amendment granted freedom to slaves and would not be considered property to be sold.
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The Freedmen's Bureau was established as an agency to help former slaves become citizens with equal rights and to give them supplies to help them prosper.
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Black Codes are laws that made African Americans second-class citizens and denied them basic rights.
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Radical Republicans are Republicans who have strong feelings toward the freedom of slaves. They favored harsh treatment towards Confederate soldiers and will do anything to help them become free and have equal rights. They pose the threat of starting another war aginst the South.
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The 1st Reconstruction Act, or the Military Reconstruction Act, divided the South into five military districts, each governed by a Union general and controlled by federal troops. To be readmitted to the Union, they had to create a new constitution approved by Congress, ratify the Fourteenth Amendment, and guarantee the right to vote to African Americans. Also, former Confederates had to take oaths stating loyalty to the U.S. before being allowed to vote.
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Congress tried to limit Johnson's power by passing the Tenure of Office Act which prohibited a president from removing an executive department officer who had been appointed by a previous president and Johnson broke this law when he fired Edwin M. Stanton, the secretary of war who happened to be a Radical Republican causing him to be impeached.
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The 14th Amendment protected the right to vote for African Americans and declared freed slaves citizens with full rights. It also annulled the Dred Scott decision, which stated that African Americans were not and would never be citizens with rights.
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Ulysses S. Grant was a Republican and was also a Union general during the Civil War. He had a more moderate path towards Reconstruction and in 1871, withdrew Union troopos from the South. In that year, the Freedmen's Bureau shut down.
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Sharecropping is when a landowner rents a piece of land to a farmer in exchange for a share of the crop that farmer grows.
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The 15th Amendment stated that the right of citizens to vote shall not denied based on race or former slavery.
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The Enforcement Acts were three bills that protects African American's rights to vote and have equal rights as white men.
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The Amnesty Act of 1872 allowed former Confederates to run for public office.
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The Compromise of 1877 got three southern states to accept that Hayes was president.
