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Proclomation of Amnesty and Recontruction
Lincoln issues amnesty to all southerners that swear allegience back to the union. When 10% had taken the oath the territory could be reconsidered as a state. -
Period: to
Reconstruction
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Wade Davis Bill is Inroduced
Required the majority of southern white men to take an otath of loyalty to the union. Each state could then hold a constituional convention to create a new state goverment. The states would then have to abolish slavery, reject all debts the statehad acquired, and deprive all officers of the ability to hold political office. -
New Proclamation of Amnesty
Johnson offered pardons in supplement to Lincoln's original plan. These pardoned confederate officers who took an oath of loyalty to the union and to returnt thier property. -
Johnson's Plan
President Johnson taking over after lincolns assassination tried to continue most of his policies. President johnson began to impliment his plan which very closely resembled lincolns plan for reformation. -
Freedmans Bureau
Freedmans bureau created food programs and services to get supplies to newly freed men now called "freedmen." These newly displaced people relied upon the bureau for nearly 30,000 rations for the next year. -
Radical Republicans take over
The onslaught of policies from Johnson and black codes forced many moderate republicans to turn radical. Their goal in doing so was to try and reverse some of the damaging policies that Johnson was administering. -
Congress is angered
Congress is angered when they realize that many confederate officers and politicians had been elected to posistions in congress and the senate. Many saw this as unnaceptable and voted to reject their election. -
14th Ammendment
In an effort to override the damaging black codes Congress passed the civil rights act of 1866. It granted citizenship to all persons except native americans. It allowed african americans to own property. It also said that african americans were to be treated equally in court and anyone who dissobayed these laws were to be punished. -
Dramatic Southern Violence errupts
Increasing violence in the south convinced moderate republicans to support the ammendment. The most dramatic inccident though was in Memphis were a white mob killed 46 african americans and razed several buildings. Congress passed the 14th ammendment in June. -
The KKK
Started by former confderates in Tenessee the KKK spread like a cancer throughout the south. Their main objective was to drive out union troops and carpet baggers but soon after their intentions turned to racism and prejudice. -
The 1866 election
Johnson tried to turn northerners against the 14th ammendment in a last ditch attempt to save his reconsturction plan. This though was overshadowed however in new orleans where a white mob attacked a convention for voting rights for african americans. After all of this the republicans won hands down with a 3:1 margin. -
Military Reconsrtuction
In march of the following year congresspassed the Military Reconstruction Act which thus erased everything Johnson had strove to achieve. The act divided the south into 5 military districts with a military viceroy in charge of each. -
The Impeachment of Andrew Johnson
Finally fed up with the shennaningans that Johnson had been doing the Republicans decided on a brilliantly devious plan to get rid of the president. They used the Tenure of Office Act to force his hand and either make him imeachable or make him inoperable. After he failed to obey they impeached him. -
Readdmission to the union
Having met the guidlines originally set out by Lincoln's reconstruction plan 6 states qualified to be a part of the union again. These states were North Carolina, South Carolina, Florida, Alabama, Louisiana, and Arkansas. -
The election of 1868
Grants election was bassically unopposed as he was the heroic union general whom had crushed the south. Yet he was reluctant to take the posistion. The Republicans now owned most of the house and the executive branch. -
The Academic Revolution
By 1870 about 4,000 schools opened up with 9,000 teachers (half being african american). Many of the student populace some 200,000 were formerly enslaved people of all ages. -
15th Ammendment
The right for sufferage to african americans was finnal granted in march of 1870. Enough states saw this as a step forward and not an inhibitor that they ratified it and it became part of the constituion. -
All southern States fall in
All of the former confderate states had met the criteria and had been readmitted back to the union. The Republicans flourished in the south and instituted many major reforms in the area. -
Enforcement Acts
The enforcement acts were put into place by president grant to help combat all of the violence in the south being bred by the kkk. The act said ot was a federal offense to interfere with a persons right to vote and put federal elections under the supervision of marshalls. 600 kkk members were convicted while over 3000 were arrested. -
The Republican Split
The more liberal republicans that were tired off all the strict rules enforced by the north and the conservatives decided to split from the mass of re[ublicans. They grouped with democrats in a joint effort to remove grant from office. -
Panic of 1873
Grant not only had the most pollitical turmoil a president had ever had to deal with he now had a growing economic crisis to deal with. It all started when a large amount of railway investments that went bad fairly quickly. After investers lost their seeming lucrivtive investments and large amounts of money with them the whole of the us economy began to shut down. -
Public Education
Once schools had been built they became public for all of the souths populace tp use. As a vast improvement about 40% of african americans attended school in the south. -
Compromis of 1877
With the upcoming election and Grant swamped from the previous economic crisis the New Contender Rutherford Hayes stepped in relatively un opposed. Hayes won most if not all of the electoral votes, wtih only 20 southern votes being undecided. it is called the compromise because of a supposed deal between the canidate and some southern democrats. -
New South
As a Great step forward Hayes in his inagural address wanted to do away with the quarlesome ways of reconstruction and rebuild th country as a whole. The south instead of reverting to her normal agriculteral ways instead tried to mimic the commanding norths industrial ways. -
The Souths New Muscle
As ties bewteen the money in the north and the manpower in the south became clear the room for growth was open. The south was rich with natural resources for metal forging. For instance Birmingham was a boom town because of its perfect posistion on coal limestone and iron ore.
