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Chicago, Burlington, and Quincy Railroad Company v. City of Chicago Chicago burlington and quincy railroad
This case is based on the 5th amendment, specifically eminent domain. The city of Chicago wanted to conjoin two of the disconnected sections of Rockwell Street on private property. This property was owned by many different individuals. The land ended up being condemned. Everyone was compensated except the railroad which received a dollar. -
Gitlow v. New York
This case involved the First Amendment or Freedom of Speech. Gitlow was arrested for giving out something called, the "Left-Wing Manifesto". This writing talked about using socialism through strikes. Gitlow argued that there was no action from the publication. Therefore he couldn't be charged with Criminal Anarchy Law. -
Near v. Minnesota
This case is from the first amendment and is Freedom of Speech. Two men Jay Near and Howard Guilford wrote in a newspaper called The Saturday Press. They wrote a paper that accused local officials of being involved with gangsters. The officials put an injunction on them saying it was slanderous. -
De Jonge v. Oregon
This case involved the First Amendment, specifically Freedom of Assembly. A Communist Party was holding a meeting by Dirk De Jonge. He was talking to the audience about a strike going on and jail conditions. Police raided the meeting and arrested him under the criminal syndicalism statute. De Jonge said that the evidence was insufficent. -
Cantwell v. Connecticut
This case deals with the first amendment and with the practice of Freedom of Religion. A Jehovah's witness Newton Cantwell and his son were trying to convert a predominantly Catholic neighborhood. They were going up to people on the street and door-to-door. Two people reacted angrily and arrested the men. -
Everson v. Board of Education of the Township of Ewing
This case is from the first amendment and involves Freedom of Speech. A law from New Jersey gave money to local schools for transportation and to the formation of schools, even private schools. 96% of the private schools that received the funds were catholic schools. A taxpayer Arch R. Everson filed a lawsuit and said that the aid for the schools violated the religion of the New Jersey state amendment and the First Amendment. -
In re Oliver
The case involved the 6th amendment and the public trial. This came from the idea of trials conducted in secret. They thought of the due process clause from the 14th Amendment. They thought the procedure would be unfair. -
Mapp v. Ohio
This case is from the 4th amendment, mainly from the exclusionary rule. Police were searching Dollree Mapp's home for a fugitive. Although they didn't find the fugitive they found obscene material. She went to court using the basis of freedom of expression. -
Robinson v. California
This case is the eighth Amendment, specifically Cruel and Unusual Punishment. Robinson was addicted to narcotics and convicted. It was ruled that a person addicted to drugs was an illness. It was a cruel and unusual punishment. -
Edwards v. South Carolina
This is the first Amendment or the Freedom of Petition. 187 black students were convicted of disturbing the peace. Though they were getting together peacefully to submit grievances to the citizens of South Carolina. Though the students were charged. They to it to cause saying there was no evidence and there were denied due process of law. -
Gideon v. Wainwright
This case is under the 6th Amendment or the right to an attorney in a felony case. Clarence Earl Gideon was arrested and charged in Florida for breaking and entering. He requested a lawyer but was not given one because they didn't give poor defendants lawyers unless it was in a capital case. Gideon represented himself and was found guilty. Gideon said that not having a lawyer was a violation of his rights. -
Ker v. California
Deputy sheriffs were Illegally buying drugs from Murphy and Terragen. The deputy recognized Murphy from a mugshot who was out on bail. Murphy made contact with a man named Ker. The deputy's found out that he had a past and followed him home. Then they found a large brick of marijuana and arrested Ker and his wife. They found a lot of other evidence without a warrant, which in turn was against the 4th Amendment. -
Malloy v. Hogan
This involves the 5th Amendment and protection against self-incrimination. During a gambling raid, William Malloy was arrested. He pleaded guilty to pool selling and a misdemeanor. His sentence was suspended after 90 days and was given 2 years probation. 16 months later he was supposed to testify about his criminal activities. He refused though saying it would incriminate him. -
Pointer v. Texas
This is the 6th Amendment under the right to confront witnesses. Bob Granville Pointer entered a 7-11 and robbed the people working there. He fled the store but was seen at an intersection. The police found him and searched his belongings. Pointer was arrested and represented himself in court. He swore he didn't go to the 7-11 store. Phillip's moved out of Texas and couldn't be a witness and the court denied using the transcript. -
Klopfer v. North Carolina
This case is the 6th Amendment or the right to a speedy trial. Peter Klopfer was charged with criminal trespassing. Klopfer was participating in a civil rights movement. In the first trial, the judge could not find a verdict. The state wanted to suspend the case for the future. Klopfer said he had the right to a speedy trial. -
Miranda v. Arizona
This is the 5th Amendment or the right to be informed rights upon arrest. Ernesto Miranda was arrested and brought to the police station. He was not informed of his rights and had a 2-hour investigation. After the investigation, they got a written confession. Miranda felt his rights were violated because he didn't get counsel. -
Washington v. Texas
This involves the 6th Amendment or the right to a compulsory process to obtain witnesses for defense. Jackie Washinton was convicted of murder and sentenced to 50 years. While in the trial Washington said that Charles Fuller was the shooter and Washington tried to stop him. Fuller was going to testify but the courts wouldn't let it happen based on the grounds of him being charged. -
Duncan v. Louisiana
This case is involved the Sixth Amendment and is right to trial by jury in criminal cases. A young Black man maned Gary Duncan was arrested and convicted. He was charged and found guilty of assaulting a white boy on the elbow. Duncan went to prison without a jury. Though he requested one he was denied. -
Benton v. Maryland
This case is the fifth amendment and it is the protection against double jeopardy. Benton was charged with larceny and burglary. A jury found him guilty of larceny but not burglary. He went to prison for ten years. He got an appeal and won. He went to court again they found him guilty of both burglary and larceny. It was unconstitutional based on the grounds of double jeopardy. -
Schilb v. Kuebel
This case is the 8th Amendment and is involved protection against excessive bail. The court found out that the fee before didn't mess with the due process law. Though it was imposed on those who were convicted and acquitted. -
Rabe v. Washington
This involves the 6th Amendment and the right to be informed of the nature of accusations. Rabe was a manager at a drive-in movie theater. There were obscene scenes in the movie that caused him to get an obscenity charge. The court however disagreed saying the state failed to give notice of what is obscene or not. -
Argersinger v. Hamlin
This case deals with the 6th Amendment and the right to counsel for imprisonable. Jon Argersinger was a poor man charged with carrying a weapon. During the trial, he had no one to represent him and was sentenced to ninety days in jail. -
McDonald v. Chicago
This is the 2nd Amendment or the right to keep and bear arms. Several lawsuits were filed against Chicago and Oak Park. They were suits that were challenging their gun bans. The court ruled that a handgun ban was against the 2nd Amendment. -
Timbs v. Indiana
This case is the 8th Amendment and it is a protection against excessive fines. Tyson Timbs bought a Land Rover for 42,000 dollars. He used the car to transport heroin. The state caught him and charged him with two counts of felony dealings, and a charge of theft. The state was going to forfeit his Land Rover. Though it was not because the court claimed it was a cruel and unusual punishment to seize the car.