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Gustav Mahler
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Gustav Mahler
Gustav Mahler was an Austrian-Jewish Conductor and was known his 10 symphonies and how he inserted flavors of Romanticism in his orchestral pieces. Mahler, even though music seemed to be in the background years after his death was a substantial influence to many other great composers such as Arnold Schoenberg. -
Claude Debussy
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Claude Debussy
Claude Debussy was a French composer who created a huge impact in music in the 20th century. Debussy was a huge fan of the ideals of Impressionist and Symbolist and even found inspiration from them for his works. He is known for the originality in his harmonies and music structure. My favorite work of his is Clair de lune! -
Arnold Schoenberg
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Arnold Schoenberg
Arnold Schoenberg was an Austrian-American composer who implemented the musical compositions of atonality, serialism, and the 12-tone row as well as a phenomenal instructor of music. One of his most notable pieces was Fantasia for violin with piano accompaniment. -
Igor Stravinsky
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Igor Stravinsky
Igor Stravinsky was a Russian-born composer and was noted for his work before and after WWI. Stravinsky ushered in a new musical thought process that consisted of a modern-like sound. Among his most important works was The Rite of Spring which was revolutionary when it came the constantly changing rhythems, metric imbalances, and distant harmonies. -
Edgard Varèse
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Edgard Varèse
Edgard Varèse was a French-bron American composer and inventor who was know for his techniques in sound production. When it came to the style of his music, it was very rhythmically asymmetrical, dissonant, and non-thematic. Varèse also had a hard concentration in Electric music due to just being invented. Wind instruments and percussion were used by Varèse to implement the style of Hyperprism. -
Alban Berg
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Alban Berg
Alban Berg was an Austrian composer who the epitome of a late 19th century pioneer in Romanticism. Berg was know for for his atonal and 12-tone compositions and was also a pupil of Arnold Schoenburg. He incorporated techniques like complex chromatic expressionism in many of his works., -
Instruments
In the 19th Century, the advancement of Orchestral instruments was a turning point regarding the tuning of instruments. The piano in particular received key innovations and was significantly refined. The rise and importance of percussion also saw a place in progressive music. -
Harmonies
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Lied
Lied was created in the 12th and 13th century but saw a turning point in the 18th and 19th century. This style of music is typically created from a poem and sung by a soloist which is accompanied by a pianist. In the midst of a Romanticism, new ideals created new ideals of poetry making for new styles of lead from composers like Robert Shumann, Johannes Brahms, and Hugo Wolf. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QjL1_kum704 -
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Impressionism in Music
Impressionism was much like the Impressionism in the French paintings at the turn of the 19th Century. It was irregular and prompted many new ideals. Elements like an emphasis on instrumental timbres, surface ornamentation, avoidance of traditional musical form, and a lack of forward motion of standard harmonic progressions could all be found in impressionism. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mndn7ogRP6o -
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Harmony
Up until the late 1800's, harmony in classical musical had pretty much followed the rules. The new wave of idealism, modernism, and Impressionism helped usher in a fresh sound. These new harmonies consisted of using sevenths, ninths, and chromaticism that made for a more free sound. -
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Post-Romantic Form
When it came to musical form, it really depended on what kind of composer you were. If you leaned towards a conservative taste, you were most likely to have traditional or classical like variations, sonata, ritornello, or rondo. However if you were a more progressive composer you would throw out all the traditional rules and add a new edginess to your form. -
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Modernism in Music
The definition of modernism is a style or movement that moves to break from classical and traditional forms. This could be seen in the music in Post-Romanticism by the musical language created from the new mood of the modern age. Innovations like the change in organizing and approaching harmonic, melodic and rhythmic functions where highly criticized in this era. -
Melody
As we leave the Romantic Period, we see more of a asymmetrical melody that results in a more thought out heart felt sound. A particular quality that contributes to this is the leap of a sixth also know as a "romantic" leap. Melody was still a critical part in the works of 19th Century composers. https://youtu.be/-YazhxBA7oo -
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World War One
