Post-Romanticism (1890-1930)

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    Luigi Russolo

    During the twenties, he invented a series of music instruments named “rumorarmoni”, "enharmonic bow," "enharmonic piano" and appeared in three short Futurist films, for which he also composed the music.
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    Nadia Boulanger

    Conductor, organist, and one of the most influential teachers of musical composition of the 20th century.

  • Carnegie Hall opens

    Concert venue is Midtown Manhattan in New York

  • Chicago Symphony Orchestra Founded

    Founded by Theodore Thomas

  • Germaine Tailleferre

    Only female composer (GIRL POWER!!) in Les Six group. Had a contribution in the French musical movement as well as in the realms of music.

  • The Sousa Band was Formed

    John Phillip was not satisfied by the Military Band classic repertoire, so he decided to combine all the elements of his favorite ensembles, coming up with a "Military Band" that could sound life a symphony orchestra.
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    Paul Hindemith

    One of the principal German composers of the first half of the 20th century and a leading musical theorist.
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    George Gershwin

    American composer who wrote primarily for the Broadway musical theatre.
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    Francis Poulenc

    Composer who made an important contribution to French music in the decades after World War I.
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    Carlos Chávez

    Mexican conductor and composer whose music combines elements of traditional folk songs and modern compositional techniques.
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    Duke Ellington

    Ellington was a major figure in the history of jazz music, his career spanned more than half a century, during which time he composed thousands of songs for the stage, screen and contemporary songbook.
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    Aaron Copland

    He became one of the century’s foremost composers with highly influential music that had a distinctive blend of classical, folk and jazz idioms.
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    Louis Armstrong

    One of the most influential artists in jazz history. He played in marching and jazz bands, becoming skillful enough to replace Oliver in the important Kid Ory band about 1918, and in the early 1920s he played in Mississippi riverboat dance bands.

  • Wright Brothers Invented Airplane

  • Blues Music Introduced

  • "Theory of Relativity" Published by Albert Einstein

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    Dimitri Shostakovich

    Russian composer, renowned particularly for his 15 symphonies, numerous chamber works, and concerti, many of them written under the pressures of government-imposed standards of Soviet art.
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    Elliott Carter

    American composer, a musical innovator whose erudite style and novel principles of polyrhythm, called metric modulation, won worldwide attention.
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    Olivier Messiaen

    Influential French composer, organist, and teacher noted for his use of mystical and religious themes. As a composer he developed a highly personal style noted for its rhythmic complexity, rich tonal color, and unique harmonic language.

  • The Trumpet Received Valves

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    Samuel Barber

    American composer who is considered one of the most expressive representatives of the lyric and Romantic trends in 20th-century classical music.
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    World War 1

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    Milton Babbitt

    American composer and theorist known as a leading proponent of total serialism.

  • Russian Revolution

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    Leonard Bernstein

    Flamboyant, inspired and voracious in his conducting style. Was one of the first American composers to lead world class orchestras.

  • Country Music Introduced

  • The Harlem Renaissance

    An intellectual, social, and artistic explosion that took place in Harlem, New York, spanning the 1920s.

  • 12 Tone Method

    The technique is a means of ensuring that all 12 notes of the chromatic scale are sounded as often as one another in a piece of music while preventing the emphasis of any one note through the use of tone rows, orderings of the 12 pitch classes. All 12 notes are thus given more or less equal importance, and the music avoids being in a key.
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    Iannis Xenakis

    Romanian-born French composer, architect, and mathematician who originated musique stochastique, music composed with the aid of electronic computers and based upon mathematical probability systems.

  • The Great Depression Began

    The Great Depression was triggered by the stock market crash in 1929 and was worsened by the Dust Bowl in 1930.

  • Big Band Swing Music Introduced

  • William Grant Still

    First African American to conduct a professional symphony orchestra in the United States. He was best known for his Afro-American Symphony (1931)